Ma, Yo-Yo US (Fr.-born) cellist _1955-- Mabus, Raymond Edwin Jr. (Ray) US Dem. polit.; gov. of Mississippi 1988-1992; US ambassador to Saudi Arabia 1994-- _1948-- Macadam, John Austr. (Scot.-born) botanist; source of word "macadamia" _1827-1865 Macapagal, Diosdado Philippine polit.; pres. of Philippines 1961-1965 _1910-- MacArthur, Arthur US gen.; US gov. of Philippines 1900-1901; father of Douglas MacArthur _1845-1912 MacArthur, Charles US dram.; co-wrote plays "The Front Page" 1928, "Twentieth Century" 1933, "Ladies and Gentlemen" 1939 with Ben Hecht; husband of Helen Hayes 1928 _1895-1956 MacArthur, Douglas US gen. & war hero in World War II & Korean War; superintendent of US Military Academy 1919-1922; army chief of staff 1930-1935; commanded US occupation of Japan 1945-1951; recalled by Harry Truman 1951 _1880-1964 Macartney, George, Earl Brit. admin. in S. Africa; 1st gov. of Cape Colony 1797-1798 _1737-1806 Macaulay, [Emilie] Rose, Dame Eng. nov.; wrote novels "Abbots Verney" 1906, "The Lee Shore" 1920, "Potterism" 1920, "Dangerous Ages" 1921, "Told by an Idiot" 1923, "And No Man's Wit" 1940, "The Towers of Trebizond" 1956 _1881-1958 Macaulay, Thomas Babington, Baron Eng. aut., historian, & polit. _1800-1859 Macbeth (also Macbeathadh) Scot. king 1040-1057; overthrew Duncan I 1040; overthrown & killed by Malcolm III; subject & eponym of Shakespeare's play "Macbeth" _1005?-1057 MacBride, Roger Lea US lawyer, polit., & television producer; cast renegade electoral vote for John Hospers & Theodora Nathan 1972; co-produced series "Little House on the Prairie" 1974-1983; Libertarian pres. cand. 1976 _1929-- MacBride, Sean Irish (Fr.-born) polit. & human rights advocate; NP Peace 1974 _1904-1988 Maccabeus, Judas Jewish patriot _1XXb-161b MacDiarmid, Hugh (pseud. of Christopher Murray Grieve) Scot. Communist & poet; tried to revive Scottish as literary language; wrote poetry collections "Sangschaw" 1925, "A Drunk Man Looks at the Thistle" 1926 _1892-1978 Macdonald, George Scot. nov. & poet; wrote novels "Phantastes" 1858, "David Elginbrod" 1863, "Lilith" 1895, juvenile novels "At the Back of the North Wind" 1871, "The Princess and the Goblin" 1872 _1824-1905 Macdonald, John Alexander, Sir Can. (Scot.-born) polit.; prime min. of Canada 1867-1873, 1878-1891; 1st prime min. of independent Canada _1815-1891 Macdonald, John Sandfield Can. polit.; 1st premier of Ontario 1867-1871 _1812-1872 MacDonald, [James] Ramsay Brit. polit.; leader of Labor Party 1911-1914, 1922-1931; Brit. foreign secy. 1924; Brit. prime min. 1924, 1929-1935; 1st Brit. Labor prime min. _1866-1937 MacDonald-Wright, Stanton US abstract painter; co-founded Synchronist movement 1913 _1890-1973 Macdonough, Thomas US naval officer _1783-1825 MacDowell, Edward Alexander US composer _1860-1908 MacFarlane, Robert Carl US Marine Corps officer; national security advisor 1983-1985 _1937-- Macfarquhar, Colin Scot. printer; co-founded Encyclopaedia Britannica with Andrew Bell _1745?-1793 MacGregor, Robert (Rob Roy) Scot. bandit; eponym of drink Rob Roy _1671-1734 Mach, Ernst Aus. philos. & phys.; developer & eponym of Mach numbers; grandfather of Olivia Newton-John _1838-1916 Macha, Karel Hynek Czechoslovakian Romantic nov. & lyric poet _1810-1836 Machado [Guimares], Bernardino Luis Port. (Brazilian-born) polit.; pres. of Portugal 1915-1917, 1925-1926; overthrown _1851-1944 Machado [y Morales], Gerardo Cuban gen. & polit.; pres. of Cuba 1925-1933 _1871-1939 Machado de Assis, Joaquim Maria Brazilian aut.; wrote poetry collections "Crisalidas" 1864, "Falenas" 1869 _1839-1908 Machel, Samora Moises Mozambique nationalist, Communist polit., & revolutionary; led FRELIMO rebel movement; 1st pres. of Mozambique 1975-1986 _1930-1986 Machiavelli, Niccolo It. dram., historian, & political philos.; wrote studies "Discourses on Livy" 1518 (also "Discorsi"), "The Art of War" 1521, "The Prince" 1532 (also "Il Principe"), comic play "Mandragola" 1518 _1469-1527 Macia, Francesc (also Francisco Macia) Sp. polit. & Catalan nationalist; founded Estat Catalan 1922 _1859-1933 Macias [Nguema], Francisco (Masie Nguema Biyogo Negue Ndong) Equatorial Guinean dictator & polit.; 1st head of state of Equatorial Guinea 1968-1979; overthrown & killed _1922?-1979 MacInnes, Helen Clark Scot. suspense nov.; wrote novels "Above Suspicion" 1941, "The Venetian Affair" 1963, "The Salzburg Connection" 1968, "Message from Malaga" 1971, "Ride a Pale Horse" 1984 _1907-1985 MacIver, Robert Morrison US (Scot.-born) sociologist _1882-1970 Mack, Connie (orig. Cornelius Alexander McGillicuddy) US baseball manager; owner & manager of Philadelphia A's 1901-1950 _1862-1956 Mack, Cornelius III (Connie) US Rep. polit.; Senator from Florida 1989--; grandson of Connie Mack _1940-- Mack, Walter Staunton Jr. US drink businessman & financier; pres. of Pepsi-Cola Co. 1938-1951 _1895-1990 Mack von Lieberich, Karl, Baron Aus. marshal; defeated by Napoleon at battles of Ulm 1805 & Austerlitz 1805 _1752-1828 MacKaye, Percy US dram. & poet; wrote plays "The Canterbury Pilgrims" 1903, "Sappho and Phaon" 1907, "The Scarecrow" 1908, "Anti-Matrimony" 1910, poetry collection "The Far Familiar" 1937 _1875-1956 MacKaye, [James Morrison] Steele US actor, dram., producer, & theater manager; founded Lyceum Theater; father of Percy MacKaye _1842-1894 Mackensen, August von Ger. marshal _1849-1945 Mackenzie, Alexander Can. (Scot.-born) polit.; prime min. of Canada 1873-1878 _1822-1892 Mackenzie, Alexander Campbell, Sir Brit. composer & conductor _1847-1935 Mackenzie, [Edward Montague] Compton, Sir Eng. nov.; wrote novels "The Passionate Elopement" 1911, "Carnival" 1912, "Sinister Street" 1913-1914, "Extremes Meet" 1928, autobiography "My Life and Times" 1963-1971 _1883-1972 Mackenzie, William Lyon Can. (Scot.-born) rebel leader in Upper Canada; grandfather of William Lyon Mackenzie King _1795-1861 Mackinder, Halford John, Sir Eng. geographer _1861-1947 MacLaine, Shirley (orig. Shirley Beaty) US movie actress; starred in movies "Terms of Endearment" 1984, "Steel Magnolias" 1989, "Postcards from the Edge" 1990, "Used People" 1993; sister of Warren Beatty _1934-- Maclaurin, Colin Scot. math.; developer & eponym of Maclaurin series _1698-1746 Maclaurin, Richard Cockburn US educator & phys.; pres. of MIT 1909-1920 _1870-1920 MacLean, John US educator; pres. of Princeton Univ. 1854-1868 _1800-1886 MacLehose, [Crawford] Murray, Sir (Baron MacLehose of Beoch) Brit. admin. & diplomat; gov. of Hong Kong 1971-1982 _1917-- MacLeish, Archibald US admin., dram., & poet; wrote poetry collections "The Pot of Earth" 1925, "Conquistador" 1932, "Collected Poems 1917-1952" 1953, verse play "J. B." 1959; librarian of Congress 1939-1944 _1892-1982 MacLennan, Hugh Can. nov. _1907-1990 Macleod, John James Rickard Scot. physiologist; co-discovered insulin with Frederick Banting & Charles Best; NP Med. 1923 _1876-1935 Mac-Mahon, Marie Edme Maurice, Comte de Fr. marshal & polit.; pres. of France 1873-1879 _1808-1893 Macmillan, [Maurice] Harold Brit. polit.; Brit. foreign secy. 1955; Brit. prime min. 1957-1963; resigned _1894-1987 MacMillan, Donald Baxter US explorer _1874-1970 MacNeice, Louis Irish poet; wrote poetry collections "Blind Fireworks" 1929, "Autumn sequel" 1954, "Eighty-Five Poems" 1961, "Solstices" 1961, co-wrote collection "Letters from Iceland" 1937 with W. H. Auden _1907-1963 MacNelly, Jeffrey Kenneth (Jeff) US cartoonist; created Shoe, Pluggers _1947-- Macon, Nathaniel US polit.; Speaker of the House 1801-1807; pres. pro tempore of Senate 1826, 1827, 1828 _1758-1837 Macpherson, James (pseud. Ossian) Scot. poet; wrote epic poems "Fingal" 1762, "Temora" 1763 both unsuccessfully attributed to legendary poet Ossian, epic poem "The Highlander" 1758 _1736-1796 Macpherson, John Brit. admin. in India; acting gov-gen. of Brit. E. India Co. 1785-1786 _1745-1821 Macready, William Charles Eng. actor _1793-1873 MacVeagh, Franklin US admin.; Secy. of Treasury 1909-1913; brother of Wayne MacVeagh _1837-1934 MacVeagh, [Isaac] Wayne US lawyer; Atty. Gen. 1881; brother of Franklin MacVeagh _1833-1917 Madariaga y Rojo, Salvador de Sp. aut. & diplomat _1886-1978 Madden, John US football coach & sportscaster; coach of Oakland Raiders 1969-1978 _1936-- Maddux, Gregory Alan (Greg) US baseball player; pitcher for Chicago Cubs 1986-1992; pitcher for Atlanta Braves 1993--; won National League Cy Young award 1992, 1993, 1994 _1966-- Madero, Francisco Indalecio Mex. polit.; pres. of Mexico 1911-1913; overthrown & killed _1873-1913 Madhava of Sangamagramma Indian astronomer & math.; developed series expansions for trigonometric functions _13XX?-14XX? Madigan, Edward Rell US admin.; Secy. of Agriculture 1991-1993 _1936-- Madison, Dolley (nee Payne) US hostess; wife of James Madison 1794 _1768-1849 Madison, James US diplomat & polit.; Secy. of State 1801-1809; 4th pres. of US 1809-1817 _1751-1836 Madlock, Bill US baseball player _1951-- Madonna (Madonna Louise Veronica Ciccone) US actress & rock singer; recorded albums "Madonna" 1983, "Like a Virgin" 1984, "True Blue" 1986; starred in movie "Desperately Seeking Susan" 1985 _1958-- Madrid [Hurtado], Miguel de la Mex. polit.; pres. of Mexico 1982-1988 _1934-- Magnol, Pierre Fr. botanist; source of word "magnolia" _1638-1715 Maecenas, Gaius Rom. polit. & patron of literature _070b?-008b Maes, Nicolaes (also Nicolas Maas) Dutch painter _1634-1693 Maeterlinck, Maurice Polydore, Count (also Mauritius Polydorus Maria Bernardus Maeterlinck) Belgian dram., essayist, & poet; wrote plays "The Princess Maleine" 1889, "The Intruder" 1890, "Pelleas and Melisande" 1892, "Joyzelle" 1903, "Mary Magdalene" 1910; NP Lit. 1911 _1862-1949 Maga, Hubert Coutoucou Benin polit.; 1st pres. of Benin 1960-1963, 1970-1972 _1916-- Magaw, John US admin.; director of US Secret Service 1992-1993; director of Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, & Firearms 1993-- (BATF) _1935?-- Magellan, Ferdinand (also Fernao de Magalhaes) Port. explorer; led 1st successful mission to circumnavigate globe; killed by natives in Philippines before completing circumnavigation _1480?-1521 Maginot, Andre Fr. polit.; Fr. defense minister 1922-1924, 1929-1930, 1930, 1931-1932; eponym of Maginot Line _1877-1932 Magloire, Paul Etienne Haitian army officer & polit.; pres. of Haiti 1950-1956 _1907-- Magnus I (Magnus the Good) Norw. king 1035-1047; king of Denmark 1042-1047; son of Olaf II of Norway; only ruler of Yngliger dynasty in Denmark _1024-1047 Magnus II (Magnus Haraldsson) Norw. king 1066-1069; son of Harald III _1035-1069 Magnus III (Magnus Barefoot) Norw. king 1095-1103; king of southern Norway 1093-1095 _1073-1103 Magnus IV (Magnus the Blind) Norw. king 1130-1135; son of Sigurd I _1115?-1139 Magnus V (Magnus Erlingsson) Norw. king 1162-1184 _1156-1184 Magnus VI (Magnus Lagaboter; Magnus the Law-Mender) Norw. king 1263-1280; son of Haakon IV _1238-1280 Magnus VII (Magnus Eriksson; Magnus II of Sweden; Smek) Norw. king 1319-1343; Swed. king 1319-1365 as Magnus II; 1st king to rule Sweden & Norway under 1st Union of Kalmar 1319; grandson of Haakon V _1316-1374 Magnus Henriksson Swed. king 1160-1161 _11XX-1161? Magnus I Ladulas (Magnus Ladulas; Magnus Barn-Lock) Swed. king 1275-1290; brother of Valdemar _1240-1290 Magnuson, Warren Grant US polit.; chairman of Senate Commerce Committee 1955-1978; chairman of Senate Appropriations Committee 1978-1981; pres. pro tempore of Senate 1979-1981 _1905-1989 Magnussen, Harro Ger. sculptor _1861-1908 Magoon, Charles Edward US admin.; last US gov. of Cuba 1906-1909 _1861-1920 Magritte, Rene Francois Ghislain Belgian Surrealist painter _1898-1967 Magruder, Patrick US admin.; ex officio librarian of Congress 1807-1815 _1768-1819 Magsaysay, Ramon Philippine polit.; Philippine defense minister 1950-1953; defeated Hukbalahap rebel group; pres. of Philippines 1953-1957 _1907-1957 Mahan, Alfred Thayer US historian, naval officer, & naval strategist; pres. of Naval War College 1886-1889, 1892-1893; wrote study "The Influence of Sea Power Upon History" 1890 _1840-1914 Mahan, Asa US Congregational clergyman & educator; 1st pres. of Oberlin College 1835-1849 _1799-1889 Mahathir bin Mohamed, Datuk Seri Malaysian polit.; prime min. of Malaysia 1981-- _1925-- Mahavira (orig. Vardhamana Jnatiputra) Indian religious leader; founder of Jainism; 24th & last jina _599b?-527b? Mahavira Indian math. _8XX Mahdi, Sadiq al- (Sadiq Abdul Rahman) Sudanese polit.; prime min. of Sudan 1966-1967, 1986-1989; overthrown _1936-- Mahendra [Bir Bikrama Jang Bahadur Shah Deva Shah] king of Nepal 1955-1972; son of Tribhuvana _1920-1972 Mahesh Yogi, Maharishi (orig. Mahesh Brasad Warma) Indian mystic; founded Transcendental Meditation (TM) movement _1911-- Maheu, Rene Gabriel Eugene Fr. admin.; acting director-general of UNESCO 1961-1962; director-general of UNESCO 1962-1975 _1905-1975 Mahfouz, Naguib (also Nagib Mahfuz) Egyptian nov.; wrote novels "The Thief and the Dogs" 1961, "The Beggar" 1965, "Palace Walk" 1990, "Adrift on the Nile" 1993, trilogy "The Cairo Trilogy" 1956-1957; NP Lit. 1988 _1911-- Mahir, Ahmad, Pasha Egyptian polit.; prime min. of Egypt 1944-1945 _1888-1945 Mahir, Ali, Pasha Egyptian polit.; prime min. of Egypt 1936, 1939-1940, 1952, 1952 _1882?-1960 Mahler, Alma (nee Schindler) Aus. pianist; wife of Gustav Mahler _1879-1964 Mahler, Gustav Aus. composer & conductor _1860-1911 Mahler, Halfdan Danish admin. & physician; director-general of WHO 1973-1988 _1923-- Mahmud I Ottoman sultan of Turkey 1730-1754 _1696-1754 Mahmud II Ottoman sultan of Turkey 1808-1839 _1785-1839 Mahmud of Ghazni (the Idol Smasher) Arab conqueror; sultan of Ghazni 997-1030 _971?-1030 Mahmud, Muhammad, Pasha Egyptian polit.; prime min. of Egypt 1928-1929, 1937-1939 _1877-1941 Mahmud [Khan], Sirdar Shah Afghan polit.; prime min. of Afghanistan 1946-1953; brother of Muhammad Nadir Shah & Sirdad Hasim Khan _1886-1959 Mahon, George Herman US polit.; chairman of House Appropriations Committee 1964-1977 _1900-1985 Mahony, Roger US cardinal 1991; archbishop of Los Angeles 1985-- _1936-- Maida, Adam Joseph US Catholic clergyman; bishop of Green Bay 1984-1990; archbishop of Detroit 1990-- _1930-- Maier, Henry Walter (orig. Henry Walter Nelke) US polit.; mayor of Milwaukee 1960-1988 _1918-1994 Mailer, Norman US journalist & nov.; wrote novels "The Naked and the Dead" 1948, "Ancient Evenings" 1983, "Tough Guys Don't Dance" 1984, nonfiction "The Armies of the Night" 1968, "The Executioner's Song" 1979 _1923-- Maillol, Aristide Fr. sculptor _1861-1944 Maimonides, Moses (also Rabbi Moses ben Maimon; RaM BaM) Jewish jurist, physician, rabbi, & theol.; synthesized Aristotelian & Jewish ideas; wrote "Guide of the Perplexed" 1190 _1135-1204 Mainbocher (orig. Main Rousseau Bocher) Fr. fashion designer _1891-1976 Maine, Henry James Sumner, Sir Eng. jurist _1822-1888 Maintenon, Francoise d'Aubigne Marquise de Fr. consort of Louis XIV _1635-1719 Maitland, Frederic William Eng. pioneer legal historian; co-wrote "History of English Law before Edward I" 1895, wrote "Domesday Book and Beyond" 1897 _1850-1906 Maitland, Peregrine Brit. admin. & gen. in S. Africa; gov. of Cape Colony 1844-1847 _1777-1854 Major, John Roy Brit. polit.; Brit. foreign secy. 1989; Brit. chancellor of exchequer 1989-1990; Brit. prime min. 1990-- _1943-- Majors, Alexander US businessman; co-founded Pony Express _1814-1900 Majors, Lee (orig. Harvey Lee Yeary II) US television actor; starred in series "The Six Million Dollar Man" 1974-1978, "The Fall Guy" 1981-1986; husband of Farrah Fawcett 1973; divorced 1982 _1940-- Makarios III (orig. Mihail Christodoulou Mouskos) Cypriot archbishop & polit.; 1st pres. of Cyprus 1960-1977; supported enosis until 1956 _1913-1977 Makarov, Stepan Osipovich Rus. adm. _1848-1904 Makiguchi, Tsunesaburo Japanese educator & Nichiren Buddhist religious leader; founder & 1st leader of Soka-Gakkai 1930-1944 _1871-1944 Makino, Tomitaro Japanese botanist; father of Japanese plant taxonomy _1862-1957 Malamud, Bernard US nov. & short story aut.; wrote novels "The Natural" 1952, "The Assistant" 1957, "A New Life" 1961, "The Fixer" 1966, "The Tenants" 1971, "Dubin's Lives" 1979, "God's Grace" 1982 _1914-1986 Malan, Daniel Francois S. African editor & polit.; prime min. of Union of S. Africa 1948-1954 _1874-1959 Malatesta, Enrico It. anarchist & editor _1853-1932 Malcolm III Canmore Scot. king 1058-1093; son of Duncan I _1031?-1093 Malcolm IV Scot. king 1153-1165; grandson of David I _1142-1165 Malcolm X (Al Hajj Malik al-Shabazz; El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz; orig. Malcolm Little) US black nationalist leader; assassinated _1925-1965 Malden, Karl (orig. Mladen Sekulovich) US actor _1913-- Malebranche, Nicolas de Fr. metaphysical philos. _1638-1715 Malenkov, Georgy Maximilianovich Rus. Communist polit.; secy-gen. of Soviet Communist Party 1953; premier of Soviet Union 1953-1955; deposed _1902-1988 Maleska, Eugene US crossword puzzle constructor & editor; crossword puzzle editor for New York Times 1977-1993 _1916-1993 Malet, Claude Francois Fr. gen.; tried to overthrow Napoleon 1812; executed _1754-1812 Malevich, Kasimir Severinovich (also Kazimir, Casimir Malevich) Rus. abstract painter; founded Suprematist movement 1912 _1878-1935 Malfatti, Giovanni Francesco Giuseppe It. math. _1731-1807 Malherbe, Francois de Fr. poet _1555-1628 Malietoa Tanumafili II, [Susuga] Western Samoan leader; joint head of state of Western Samoa 1962-1963; king of Western Samoa 1963-- _1913-- Malik, Adam Indonesian diplomat; Indonesian foreign minister 1966-1982 _1917-1984 Malik, Jacob Alexandrovich (also Yakov Malik) Ukrainian Soviet diplomat; Soviet ambassador to UN 1948-1952, 1968-1972 _1906-1980 Malinov, Alexander Bulgarian polit.; premier of Bulgaria 1908-1911, 1918, 1931 _1867-1938 Malinovsky, Rodion Yakovlevich Rus. Soviet gen.; Soviet defense minister 1957-1967 _1898-1967 Malinowski, Bronislaw Kasper US (Pol.-born) anthropologist; father of social anthropology; wrote "Crime and Custom in Savage Society" 1926, "Sex and Repression in Savage Society" 1927, "A Scientific Theory of Culture" 1944 _1884-1942 Malkiel, Yakov US (Rus.-born) Romance etymologist & philologist _1914-- Malkin, Myron Samuel US admin. & phys.; father & 1st director of US space shuttle program 1973-1980 _1924-1994 Malkovich, John US actor & director _1953-- Mallalieu, [Joseph Percival] William, Sir Brit. admin.; last Brit. first lord of the admiralty 1966-1967 _1908-1980 Mallarme, Stephane Fr. Symbolist poet; wrote poem "L'Apres-midi d'une faune" 1876 (also "The Afternoon of a Faun"), collection "Vers et Prose" 1893; translator of Edgar Allan Poe _1842-1898 Mallon, Mary (Typhoid Mary) US cook & disease carrier _1870-1938 Mallory, George [Herbert] Leigh Brit. mountaineer; coined reply "Because it is there"; disappeared _1886-1924? Mallory, Stephen Russell US-Confederate (Trinidadian-born) polit.; only Confederate secy. of navy 1861-1865 _1812-1873 Mallowan, Max Edgar Lucien, Sir Eng. archaeologist; excavated in Near E.; 2nd husband of Agatha Christie 1930 _1904-1978 Malone, Edmond Irish Shakespearean scholar _1741-1812 Malone, Moses US basketball player; played for Houston Rockets 1976-1982, Philadelphia 76ers 1982-1986 _1955-- Malory, Thomas, Sir Eng. epic poet & translator; wrote poem "Le Morte d'Arthur" 1469-1470 _14XX-1471? Malott, Deane Waldo US businessman & educator; pres. of Cornell Univ. 1951-1963 _1898-- Malpighi, Marcello It. anatomist _1628-1694 Malraux, Andre Fr. art historian, aut., & resistance leader; wrote novels "The Conquerors" 1929, "La Condition Humaine" 1933 (also "Man's Fate"), "L'Espoir" 1938 (also "Man's Hope"); fought for Fr. resistance in World War II _1901-1976 Malthus, Thomas Robert Eng. economist & political philos.; wrote "An Essay on the Principle of Population" 1798, "An Inquiry into the Nature and Progress of Rent" 1815 _1766-1834 Malus, Etienne Louis Fr. phys.; discoverer & eponym of Malus' Law _1775-1812 Malypetr, Jan Czechoslovakian polit.; prime min. of Czechoslovakia 1932-1935 _1873-1947 Malzel, Johann Nepomuk (also Johann Maelzel) Ger. musician & inventor of musical mechanisms _1772-1838 Mamaloni, Solomon Sunaone Solomon Islander polit.; chief minister of Brit. Solomon Islands 1974-1976; prime min. of Solomon Islands 1981-1984, 1989-- _1943-- Mameli, Goffredo It. lyricist; wrote It. national anthem "Inno di Mameli" (adopted 1946) _1827-1849 Mamet, David US dram. & screenwriter; wrote plays "American Buffalo" 1975, "Sexual Perversity in Chicago" 1976, "Glengarry Glen Ross" 1983, "Speed-the-Plow" 1988, screenplays "The Untouchables" 1987, "House of Games" 1987 _1947-- Mamo, Anthony Joseph, Sir Maltese polit.; last gov-gen. of Malta 1971-1974; 1st pres. of Malta 1974-1976 _1909-- Manarov, Musa Khiramanovich Azerbaijan Soviet cosmonaut; logged record total 541 days in space _1951-- Manatt, Charles Taylor US Dem. polit.; chairman of Dem. National Committee 1981-1985 _1936-- Mancham, James Richard Seychelles polit.; 1st pres. of Seychelles 1976-1977; overthrown _1929-- Mancini, Henry US composer; composed songs "Moon River" 1951, "Days of Wine and Roses", theme for television series "Peter Gunn" 1958, scores for movies "Breakfast at Tiffany's" 1961, "The Pink Panther" 1964 _1924-1994 Manco Capac 1st Inca king of Peru _10XX Manco Capac (Manco Inca) Inca king of Peru 1533-1544; defeated by Spaniards 1537; murdered _1500-1544 Mandel, [Louis] Georges (orig. Jeroboam Rothschild) Fr. polit. _1885-1944 Mandela, Nelson Rolihlahla S. African black civil rights leader, dissident, & polit.; imprisoned 1962-1990; pres. of African National Congress 1990-- (ANC); 1st black pres. of S. Africa 1994--; NP Peace 1993 _1918-- Mandela, [Nomzano Zaniewe] Winnifred (Winnie; nee Madikizela) S. African black civil rights leader; 2nd wife of Nelson Mandela 1958; separated 1992 _1934-- Mandelbrot, Benoit Fr. (Pol.-born) math.; pioneer in study of fractals _1924-- Mandelstam, Osip Emilyevich (also Osip Mandelshtam) Rus. (Pol.-born) aut. & poet; wrote poetry collections "Stone" 1913, "Tristia" 1922, "Poems" 1928 _1891-1938 Manderson, Charles Frederick US polit.; pres. pro tempore of Senate 1891-1893 _1837-1911 Mandeville, Bernard Brit. (Dutch-born) philos. & satirist; wrote verse satire "The Fable of the Bees: or, Private Vices, Public Benefits" 1714 (orig. "The Grumbling Hive" 1705) _1670-1733 Mandeville, John, Sir (possibly Jehan de Bourgogne, Jean d'Outremeuse) Fr. traveler & travel book aut.; wrote "The Voyage and Travels of Sir John Madeville, Knight" 1366? _13XX-1372? Mandrell, Barbara Ann US country singer _1948-- Manet, Edouard Fr. Impressionist painter _1832-1883 Manes (also Mani, Manichaeus) Persian prophet, religious leader, & martyr; founder & eponym of Manichaeism; crucified by Magians _216?-276? Mangope, Lucas Lawrence Manyane S. African-Bophuthatswana black polit.; only pres. of Bophuthatswana 1977-1994; overthrown by S. African government _1924-- Mangum, Willie Person US polit.; pres. pro tempore of Senate 1842 _1792-1861 Manigat, Leslie Haitian polit.; pres. of Haiti 1988; deposed _1930-- Manilius, Gaius Rom. polit. _0XXb Manilow, Barry US singer & songwriter _1946-- Maniu, Iuliu Romanian polit. & revolutionary; prime min. of Romania 1928-1933 _1873-1953 Mankiewicz, Joseph Leo US movie director, producer, & screenwriter; wrote & directed movies "A Letter to Three Wives" 1949, "All About Eve" 1950, "Guys and Dolls" 1955, "Cleopatra" 1963, directed "Sleuth" 1972 _1909-1993 Mankiller, Wilma US Cherokee polit.; principal chief of Cherokee Nation 1985--; 1st female chief of large N. American tribe _1945-- Manley, Michael Norman Jamaican polit.; prime min. of Jamaica 1972-1980, 1989-1992; son of Norman Manley _1923-- Manley, Norman Washington Jamaican (Eng.-born) polit.; prime min. of Jamaica 1955-1962; cousin of William Bustamante; father of Michael Manley _1893-1969 Mann, Charles (Earl Cornwallis) Brit. admin. in India; gov-gen. of Brit. E. India Co. 1786-1793, 1805 _1738-1805 Mann, Horace US educator; pioneer of public schools; 1st pres. of Antioch College 1853-1860 _1796-1859 Mann, James Robert US polit.; sponsor & eponym of Mann Act 1910; House minority leader 1911-1919 _1856-1922 Mann, Thomas (Tom) Brit. labor leader & socialist; co-led London dock strike 1889 with John Elliot Burns _1856-1941 Mann, [Paul] Thomas Czechoslovakian-Ger.-US (Ger.-born) nov.; wrote novels "Buddenbrooks" 1901, "Death in Venice" 1912, "The Magic Mountain" 1924 (also "Der Zauberberg"), "Joseph and His Brothers" 1934; NP Lit. 1929 _1875-1955 Mann, William Hodges US polit.; gov. of Virginia 1910-1914 _1843-1927 Mannerheim, Carl Gustaf Emil, Baron von Finnish gen., nationalist, & polit.; provisional pres. of Finland 1918-1919; pres. of Finland 1944-1946 _1867-1951 Manners-Sutton, Charles Brit. prelate; archbishop of Canterbury 1805-1828 _1755-1828 Mannheim, Karl Hung. historian & sociologist in Germany; wrote "Ideology and Utopia" 1929, "Man and Society in an Age of Reconstruction" 1935 _1893-1947 Manning, Daniel US financier; Secy. of Treasury 1885-1887 _1831-1887 Manning, Henry Edward Eng. cardinal 1875; member of Oxford movement; Catholic archbishop of Westminster 1865-1892 _1808-1892 Manning, James US clergyman & educator; 1st pres. of Brown Univ. 1765-1791 (orig. College of Rhode Island before 1804) _1738-1791 Mannix, Daniel Austr. archbishop; archbishop of Melbourne 1917-1963 _1864-1963 Mansart, Francois Fr. architect; source of word "mansard" _1598-1667 Mansfield, Frederick William US polit.; mayor of Boston 1934-1938 _1877-1958 Mansfield, Jayne (orig. Vera Jayne Palmer) US movie actress _1932-1967 Mansfield, Katherine (pseud. of Kathleen Mansfield Beauchamp) Brit. (New Zealand-born) short story aut.; wrote collections "In a German Pension" 1911, "Prelude" 1918, "Something Childish" 1924 _1888-1923 Mansfield, Michael Joseph (Mike) US diplomat & Dem. polit.; Senate majority whip 1957-1961; Senate majority leader 1961-1977; US ambassador to Japan 1977-1989 _1903-- Mansfield, Richard US (Eng.-born) actor _1854-1907 Manson, Charles (No Name Maddox) US cult leader & murderer _1934-- Manson, Patrick, Sir Brit. parasitologist _1844-1922 Mansur, Abu Ja'far al- Arab caliph 754-775; founded Baghdad _709?-775 Mantegna, Andrea It. engraver & fresco painter _1431-1506 Mantell, Gideon Algernon Eng. paleontologist; discovered & recognized 1st dinosaur bones 1822 _1790-1852 Mantle, Mickey Charles US baseball player; first baseman & outfielder for New York Yankees 1951-1968 _1931-- Mantzaros, Nikolaos (also Nicholas Manzaros) Gk. songwriter; composed Gk. national anthem (adopted 1864) _1795-1873 Manuel I (Manuel the Fortunate; Manuel el Afortunado) Port. king 1495-1521; grandson of Duarte _1469-1521 Manuel II (also Manoel II) last Port. king 1908-1910; overthrown; last ruler of Coburg-Gotha dynasty; son of Carlos _1889-1932 Manuel, Don Juan Sp. aut. & nobleman _1282-1349 Manutius, Aldus It. printer; founder & eponym of Aldine Press _1449-1515 Manzi, James Paul (Jim) US computer businessman; pres. of Lotus Development Corp. 1984-1986, 1989--; CEO & chairman of Lotus Development Corp. 1986-- _1951-- Manzoni, Alessandro Francesco Tommaso Antonio It. nov. & poet _1785-1873 Mao Tse-tung (also Mao Zedong; Chairman Mao; orig. Runzhi) Chinese Communist polit.; head of state of China 1949-1959; de facto head of government of China 1949-1976; founder of Communist China _1893-1976 Map, Walter Eng. aut. _1140?-1209? Maples, Marla (Mrs. Marla Trump) US 2nd wife of Donald Trump 1993 _1963-- Mapplethorpe, Robert US photographer; focus of controversy over allegedly pornographic photographs _1946-1989 Maradona, Diego Armando Argentine soccer player; scored Hand of God goal against England 1986 _1960-- Marat, Jean Paul Fr. (Swi.-born) physician & revolutionary; member of Montagnard faction; assassinated _1743-1793 Maravich, Peter (Pete) US basketball player _1948-1988 Marc, Franz Ger. Expressionist painter; member of the Blue Rider group (Der Blaue Reiter); killed at battle of Verdun in World War I _1880-1916 Marceau, Marcel Fr. mime _1923-- Marcel, Gabriel Honore Fr. existentialist philos.; founder of Fr. existentialism _1889-1973 Marcellinus It. saint & pope 296-304?; probably turned to paganism; possibly deposed or resigned _2XX-304 Marcellus I It. saint & pope 306?-308?; deposed _2XX-309 Marcellus II (orig. Marcellus Cervini) It. pope 1555 _1501-1555 Marcellus, Marcus Claudius Rom. gen. _268b?-208b March, Fredric (orig. Frederick McIntyre Bickel) US actor _1897-1975 March, Peyton Conway US gen.; army chief of staff 1918-1921 _1864-1955 Marciano, Rocky (the Brockton Blockbuster; orig. Rocco Francis Marchegiano) US boxer; heavyweight boxing champion 1952-1956; died in airplane crash _1923-1969 Marconi, Guglielmo It. phys. & radio inventor; NP Phys. 1909 _1874-1937 Marcos, Ferdinand Edralin Philippine dictator & polit.; pres. of Philippines 1965-1986; deposed _1917-1989 Marcos, Imelda (nee Romualdez) Philippine wife of Ferdinand Marcos 1954 _1931-- Marcus, Rudolph Arthur US (Can.-born) chem.; NP Chem. 1992 _1923-- Marcuse, Herbert US (Ger.-born) Hegelian-Freudian-Marxist political philos.; wrote "Eros and Civilization" 1955, "One-Dimensional Man" 1964, "Counterrevolution and Revolt" 1972, "Studies in Critical Philosophy" 1972 _1898-1979 Marcy, William Learned US polit.; gov. of New York 1833-1839; Secy. of War 1845-1849; Secy. of State 1853-1857; advocate of spoils system _1786-1857 Marechal, Pierre Sylvain Fr. atheist; devised Fr. Republican Calendar 1788 (adopted 1793) _1750-1803 Margai, Albert Michael Sierra Leone polit.; co-founded SLPP Party 1951; prime min. of Sierra Leone 1964-1967; brother of Milton Margai _1910-1980 Margai, Milton Augustus Strieby, Sir Sierra Leone polit.; co-founded SLPP Party 1951; chief minister of Sierra Leone 1954-1958; prime min. of Sierra Leone 1958-1964; 1st prime min. of independent Sierra Leone 1961 _1896-1964 Margaret Saxon princess & saint; wife of Macolm III of Scotland 1069; introduced monasticism & English language to Scotland; canonized 1251 _1046?-1093 Margaret Scot. queen 1286-1290; ruled under regency 1286-1290; granddaughter of Alexander III _1283?-1290 Margaret of Angouleme (Margaret of Navarre) Fr. aut. & patron of learning; sister of Francis I; grandmother of Henry IV _1492-1549 Margaret of Anjou queen of Henry VI of England _1430-1482 Margaret of Valois Fr. 1st wife of Henry IV 1572; divorced 1599; daughter of Henry II _1553-1615 Margaret Rose Brit. princess; daughter of George VI; sister of Elizabeth II _1930-- Margarethe I (also Margrete I) queen of Denmark 1387-1397; Norw. queen 1387-1389; Swed. queen 1389-1400; established 2nd Union of Kalmar 1397; last ruler of Ulfinger dynasty; daughter of Valdemar IV Atterdag _1353-1412 Margarethe II (also Margrete II) queen of Denmark 1972--; daughter of Frederick IX _1940-- Maria I (Maria da Gloria) Port. queen 1777-1816; ruled during Fr. occupation 1807-1808; daughter of Jose _1734-1816 Maria II (Maria da Gloria) Port. queen 1826-1828, 1834-1853; ruled under regency 1826-1828, 1834-1853; last ruler of Braganca dynasty; daughter of Pedro IV _1819-1853 Maria Ana de Austria Aus. regent of Spain 1665-1675; wife of Philip IV of Spain; mother of Charles II of Spain _1635-1696 Maria Christina of Austria Aus. regent of Spain 1885-1902; mother of Alfonso XIII _1858-1929 Maria Christina of Naples It. regent of Spain 1833-1840; wife of Ferdinand VII _1806-1878 Mariana, Juan de (the Livy of Spain) Sp. historian _1536-1624 Maria Theresa Hung. & Pol. queen; wife of Francis I; daughter of Charles VI; mother of Joseph II _1717-1780 Marie Romanian queen 1914-1927; Romanian queen dowager 1927-1938 _1875-1938 Marie Adelheid grand duchess of Luxembourg 1912-1919; abdicated; daughter of Wilhelm IV _1894-1924 Marie Antoinette Fr. wife of Louis XVI; executed in Fr. Revolution; mother of Louis XVII; daughter of Maria Theresa _1755-1793 Marie de Medicis It. 2nd wife of Henry IV of France; regent of France 1610-1617; mother of Louis XIII _1573-1642 Marie Louise Aus. 2nd wife of Napoleon I 1810; mother of Napoleon II _1791-1847 Marie, Andre Fr. polit.; prime min. of France 1948; predecessor & successor of Robert Schuman _1897-1974 Marijnen, Victor Gerard Marie Dutch polit.; prime min. of Netherlands 1963-1965 _1917-1975 Marin, John Cheri US Expressionist seascape painter _1870-1953 Marinetti, [Emilio] Filippo Tommaso It. (Egyptian-born) poet; founded Futurist movement 1909 _1876-1944 Marini, Giambattista (also Giambattista Marino) It. poet _1569-1625 Marini, Marino It. painter & sculptor _1901-1980 Marino, Daniel Constantine (Dan) US football player; played for Miami Dolphins 1983-- _1961-- Marino, Eugene Antonio US Catholic archbishop; archbishop of Atlanta 1989-1990; 1st black Catholic archbishop in US _1934-- Marinus I (also Martin II) It. pope 882-884 _8XX-884 Marinus II (also Martin III) It. pope 942-946 _8XX-946 Marinus (also Marino, Martin) It. saint; eponym of San Marino _3XX Marion, Francis (the Swamp Fox) US army officer in American Revolution _1732?-1795 Maris, Roger Eugene US baseball player _1934-1985 Maritain, Jacques Fr. diplomat & philos. _1882-1973 Marius, Gaius Rom. gen. & polit.; led capture of Jugurtha 105b; rival of Sulla _157b?-086b Marius, Simon (also Simon Mayer, Mayr, Mair) Ger. astronomer; named, & discovered independently of Galileo, satellites Io, Europa, Ganymede, & Callisto _1573-1624 Marivaux, Pierre Carlet de Chamblain de Fr. aut. & comic dram. _1688-1763 Marjolin, Robert Ernest Fr. admin. & economist; 1st secy-gen. of Organization for European Economic Cooperation 1948-1955 (OEEC) _1911-1986 Mark Christian apostle & saint _0XX-074? Mark It. saint & pope 336 _2XX-336 Mark, Hans Michael US (Ger.-born) educator & aeronautical engineer; secy. of air force 1979-1981 _1929-- Markham, Edwin US poet _1852-1940 Markham, Henry Harrison US polit.; gov. of California 1891-1895 _1840-1923 Markov, Andrei Andreyevich Rus. math.; studied probability _1856-1922 Markova, Alicia, Dame (orig. Lilian Alicia Marks) Eng. dancer _1910-- Markowitz, Harry US economist; NP Econ. 1990 _1927-- Marks, John (Johnny) US songwriter; wrote Christmas songs "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" 1949, "I Heard the Bells on Christmas Day" 1956, "Rockin' Around the Christmas Tree" 1958 _1909-1985 Marlborough, Duke of (John Churchill) Brit. gen. in War of the Spanish Succession; defeated French & Bavarians at battle of Blenheim 1704 _1650-1722 Marley, Bob Jamaican reggae musician & singer _1945-1981 Marlin, John Mahlon US gun manufacturer _1836-1901 Marlowe, Christopher Eng. dram. & poet; wrote plays "Tamburlaine the Great" 1587, "The Jew of Malta" 1588, "Edward II" 1590, "Doctor Faustus" 1601, poem "The Passionate Shepherd to His Love" 1599; killed in tavern brawl _1564-1593 Marlowe, Julia (orig. Sarah Frances Frost) US (Eng.-born) actress _1866-1950 Marmont, Auguste Frederic Louis Viesse de Fr. gen. & marshal _1774-1852 Marmontel, Jean Francois Fr. aut. _1723-1799 Marnix van St. Aldegonde, Philip Dutch lyricist; wrote Dutch national anthem "Wilhelmus van Nassouwe" (also "William of Nassau") _1540-1598 Marot, Clement Fr. poet _1496?-1544 Marquand, John Phillips (J. P. Marquand) US nov.; grandnephew of Margaret Fuller _1893-1960 Marquette, Jacques Fr. explorer & Jesuit missionary in America _1637-1675 Marquis, Donald Robert Perry US humorist _1878-1937 Marroquin, Jose Manuel Colombian polit.; acting pres. of Colombia 1898; pres. of Colombia 1900-1904 _1827-1908 Marrou, Andre Verne US polit.; Libertarian vice-pres. cand. 1988; Libertarian pres. cand. 1992 _1938-- Marryat, Frederick Eng. naval officer & nov. _1792-1848 Marsalis, Branford US clarinetist & pianist; music director of show "The Tonight Show" 1992--; brother of Wynton Marsalis _1960-- Marsalis, Wynton US jazz trumpeter; brother of Branford Marsalis _1961-- Marsh, George Perkins US ecologist & lawyer _1801-1882 Marsh, John Otho Jr. US admin. & lawyer; secy. of army 1981-1989 _1926-- Marsh, [Edith] Ngaio, Dame New Zealand aut. _1899-1982 Marsh, Reginald US illustrator _1898-1954 Marshall, Alfred Eng. economist; coined term "elasticity" in economic sense; teacher of John Maynard Keynes _1842-1924 Marshall, George Catlett Jr. US gen.; army chief of staff 1939-1945; Secy. of State 1947-1949; Secy. of Defense 1950-1951; creator & eponym of Marshall Plan; NP Peace 1953 _1880-1959 Marshall, James William US admin.; Postmaster Gen. 1874 _1822-1910 Marshall, John US jurist & polit.; Secy. of State 1800-1801; Supr. Ct. chief justice 1801-1835; wrote decisions for Marbury v. Madison 1803, Fletcher v. Peck 1810, McCulloch v. Maryland 1819 _1755-1835 Marshall, John Ross New Zealand polit.; prime min. of New Zealand 1972 _1912-- Marshall, [Frederick] Ray (F. Ray Marshall) US admin.; Secy. of Labor 1977-1981 _1928-- Marshall, Thomas Riley US polit.; gov. of Indiana 1909-1913; vice-pres. of US 1913-1921 _1854-1925 Marshall, Thurgood US lawyer; argued for Brown in Brown v. Board of Education 1954; Supr. Ct. justice 1967-1991; 1st black justice _1908-1993 Marsilius of Padua It. scholar _1280?-1343? Marston, John Eng. dram. _1576-1634 Martens, Fyodor Fyodorovich Rus. jurist _1845-1909 Martens, Wilfried Belgian polit.; prime min. of Belgium 1979-1981, 1981-1985, 1985-1992 _1936-- Marti, Jose Cuban nationalist, patriot, & poet; founded Cuban Revolutionary Party 1892; killed _1853-1895 Martial (Marcus Valerius Martialis) Rom. poet of epigrams _040?-103? Martin I It. martyr, saint, & pope 649-653; exiled; last pope venerated as martyr _6XX-655 Martin IV (orig. Simon de Brie) Fr. pope 1281-1285 _12XX-1285 Martin V (orig. Oddone Colonna) It. pope 1417-1431; ended Western Schism 1429; returned papacy to Rome 1420 _1368-1431 Martin of Tours Fr. (Hung.-born) bishop & saint; bishop of Tours 370?-397; patron saint of France _316?-397 Martin, Archer John Porter Brit. chem.; NP Chem. 1952 _1910-- Martin, Don US cartoonist _1931-- Martin, Edward US polit.; gov. of Pennsylvania 1943-1947 _1879-1967 Martin, Glenn Luther US airplane manufacturer _1886-1955 Martin, Harvey US football player; Super Bowl MVP 1978 jointly with Randy White _1950-- Martin, Homer Dodge US painter _1836-1897 Martin, James Grubbs US polit.; gov. of N. Carolina 1985-1993 _1935-- Martin, John Wellborn US polit.; gov. of Florida 1925-1929 _1884-1958 Martin, Joseph William Jr. US polit.; House minority leader 1939-1947, 1949-1953, 1955-1959; chairman of Rep. National Committee 1940-1942; Speaker of the House 1947-1949, 1953-1955 _1884-1968 Martin, Lynn (nee Morley) US polit.; Secy. of Labor 1991-1993 _1939-- Martin, Mary Virginia US actress & singer; mother of Larry Hagman _1913-1990 Martin, Paul Joseph James Can. polit.; Can. national health & welfare minister 1946-1957; Can. external affairs minister 1963-1968 _1903-1992 Martin, Steve US comedian & movie actor _1945-- Martin, Thomas Staples US polit.; Senate minority leader 1911-1913, 1919; Senate majority leader 1917-1919 _1895-1919 Martin, William McChesney Jr. US banker & businessman; chairman of Federal Reserve Board 1951-1970 _1906-- Martindale, Wink (orig. Winston Conrad) US television game show host; hosted shows "Gambit" 1972-1976, "High Rollers" 1974-1976, 1980, "Tic Tac Dough" 1978-1986 _1934-- Martin du Gard, Roger Fr. dram. & nov.; NP Lit. 1937 _1881-1958 Martinez, Robert (Bob) US polit.; mayor of Tampa 1979-1986; gov. of Florida 1987-1991; drug czar 1991-1993 _1934-- Martinez [Trueba], Andres Uruguayan army officer & polit.; pres. of Uruguay 1951-1955 _1874?-1959 Martinez Barrio, Diego Sp. polit.; prime min. of Spain 1933, 1936; acting pres. of Spain 1936 _1883-1962 Martineau, Harriet Eng. economist & nov. _1802-1876 Martineau, James Eng. philos. & theol. _1805-1900 Martini, Simone It. painter _1284?-1344 Martinic, Jaroslav Borita, Count von (also Count von Martinitz) Aus. admin. in Bohemia; regent of Bohemia 1615?-1618, 1638-1648; co-victim of Defenestration of Prague 1618 _1582-1649 Martinson, Harry Edmund Swed. aut.; NP Lit. 1974 _1904-1978 Martov, Julius (orig. Yuliy Osipovich Tsederbaum) Rus. Communist polit.; leader of Menshevik Party _1873-1923 Martynov, Nikolai (Martyshka, Monkey; also Nicholas Martynov) Rus. army officer; killed Mikhail Lermontov in duel _18XX-1875 Marvell, Andrew Eng. poet & satirist; wrote poems "To His Coy Mistress", "The Garden", "Horatian Ode upon Cromwell's Return" _1621-1678 Marvin, William US polit.; gov. of Florida 1865 _1808-1902 Marx, Chico (orig. Leonard Marx) US comedian with Marx Brothers _1891-1961 Marx, Groucho (orig. Julius Marx) US comedian with Marx Brothers _1890-1977 Marx, Gummo (orig. Milton Marx) US comedian with Marx Brothers _1894-1977 Marx, Harpo (orig. Arthur Marx) US comedian with Marx Brothers _1893-1964 Marx, Karl Heinrich Ger. economist & Communist political philos.; co-wrote "The Communist Manifesto" 1848, wrote 3-volume "Das Kapital" (also "Capital"); founded & led First International 1864-1875; father of modern Communism _1818-1883 Marx, Oscar US polit.; mayor of Detroit 1913-1918 _1866-1923 Marx, Wilhelm Ger. polit.; chancellor of Germany 1923-1924, 1926-1928 _1863-1946 Marx, Zeppo (orig. Herbert Marx) US comedian with Marx Brothers _1901-1979 Mary (Virgin Mary; Mother of God) Christian saint; mother of Jesus; wife of Joseph _0XXb-048? Mary I (Mary Tudor, Bloody Mary) Eng. queen 1553-1558; daughter of Henry VIII; wife of Philip II of Spain _1516-1558 Mary II Brit. queen 1689-1694; daughter of James II; co-regent with & wife of William III _1662-1694 Mary of Guise (also Mary of Lorraine) Scot. 2nd wife of James V 1538; regent of Scotland 1554-1559; mother of Mary Stuart _1515-1560 Mary Stuart (Mary, Queen of Scots) Scot. queen 1542-1587; ruled under regency 1542-1560; executed by Elizabeth I as rival to Brit. throne; daughter of James V; mother of James I of Britain _1542-1587 Masaccio (orig. Tommaso di Giovanni di Simone Guidi) It. painter _1401-1428 Masako (nee Owada) Japanese princess; wife of Naruhito 1993 _1963-- Masaoka, Kenzo Japanese animator; produced 1st Japanese animated picture with sound 1932; father of Japanese animation _1898-1988 Masaryk, Jan Garrigue Czechoslovakian diplomat & polit.; possibly assassinated, possibly suicide; son of Tomas Masaryk _1886-1948 Masaryk, Tomas Garrigue Czechoslovakian historian & polit.; 1st pres. of Czechoslovakia 1918-1935; resigned _1850-1937 Mascagni, Pietro It. composer _1863-1945 Mascheroni, Lorenzo It. math.; proved compass sufficient for all Euclidean constructions 1797 _1750-1800 Masefield, John Eng. aut.; Brit. poet laureate 1930-1967 _1878-1967 Maserati, Ernesto It. automobile industrialist & racer _1898-1975 Masina, Giulietta It. movie actress; starred in movies "La Strada" 1954, "The Nights of Cabiria" 1956, "Ginger and Fred" 1985; wife of Federico Fellini 1943 _1921-1994 Masinissa (also Massinissa) king of Numidia _240b?-148b Masire, Quett Ketumile Johnny Botswana polit.; pres. of Botswana 1980-- _1925-- Masol, Vitaly Andreyevich Ukrainian Communist polit.; prime min. of Ukraine 1987-1990, 1994-- _1928-- Mason, Charles US (Eng.-born) astronomer & surveyor with Jeremiah Dixon; co-eponym & co-surveyor of Mason-Dixon Line 1765-1768 _1728-1786 Mason, George US polit. in American Revolution; drafted Virginia state constitution 1776, including 1st formulation of doctrine of inalienable rights; opposed strong national government; helped prompt Bill of Rights _1725-1792 Mason, Jackie (orig. Yacov Moshe Maza) US comedian _1934?-- Mason, James Murray US-Confederate polit.; drafted Fugitive Slave Act 1850; pres. pro tempore of Senate 1857; en route to Britain, with John Slidell seized from Brit. ship Trent 1861 & imprisoned (Trent Affair); released 1862 _1798-1871 Mason, John Young US polit.; Secy. of Navy 1844-1845; Atty. Gen. 1845-1846; Secy. of Navy 1846-1849 _1799-1859 Mason, Lowell US hymnist; composed songs "Joy to the World", "Nearer, My God, to Thee" 1859 _1792-1872 Mason, Max US educator, math., & phys.; pres. of Univ. of Chicago 1925-1928; pres. of Rockefeller Foundation 1929-1936 _1877-1961 Mason, Stevens Thomas US polit.; last gov. of Michigan territory 1835-1837; 1st US gov. of Michigan 1837-1840; youngest elected US state gov. _1811-1843 Massasoit Wampanoag chief _16XX-1661 Massell, Sam US polit.; mayor of Atlanta 1970-1973 _1927-- Massemba-Debat, Alphonse (also Alphonse Massamba-Debat) Brazzaville-Congolese polit.; pres. of Congo 1963-1968, 1968; prime min. of Congo 1963, 1968 _1921-1977 Massena, Andre Fr. gen. _1758-1817 Massenet, Jules Emile Frederic Fr. composer _1842-1912 Massey, Vincent Can. polit.; gov-gen. of Canada 1952-1959 _1887-1967 Massey, Walter Eugene US admin. & phys.; director of National Science Foundation 1990-1993 (NSF) _1938-- Massey, William Ferguson New Zealand (Irish-born) polit.; prime min. of New Zealand 1912-1925; 1st prime min. of independent New Zealand 1917 _1856-1925 Massine, Leonide US (Rus.-born) choreographer & dancer _1896-1979 Massinger, Philip Eng. dram. _1583-1640 Masson, David Scot. aut. & editor _1822-1907 Massys, Quentin (also Matsys, Messys, Metsys) Flemish painter _1466?-1530 Masters, Edgar Lee US aut. _1869-1950 Masterson, Edward (Ed) US (Can.-born) lawman; marshal of Dodge City 1877-1878; murdered; brother of Bat Masterson _1852-1878 Masterson, William Barclay (Bat Masterson) US scout & sheriff; friend of Wyatt Earp _1853-1921 Masur, Kurt US (Pol.-born) conductor; conducted New York Philharmonic Orchestra 1991-- _1927-- Mata Hari (orig. Gertrud Margarete Zelle; also Margaretha Geertruida Macleod) Dutch dancer & spy in France _1876-1917 Matanzima, Kaizer Daliwongo S. African-Transkei polit.; pres. of Transkei 1979-1987; overthrown _1915-- Mather, Cotton American aut. & clergyman; son of Increase Mather _1663-1728 Mather, Increase American aut. & clergyman; pres. of Harvard Univ. 1685-1701 _1639-1723 Mather, Stephen Tyng US admin. & conservationist; 1st director of National Park Service 1921-1929 _1867-1930 Matheson, Kenneth Gordon US educator; pres. of Georgia Institute of Technology 1906-1922 _1864-1931 Mathews, Edwin Lee Jr. (Eddie) US baseball player; 1st person to appear of cover of Sports Illustrated 1954; only baseball player to play for same baseball team in three cities _1931-- Mathews, Forrest David US admin.; Secy. of HEW 1975-1977 _1935-- Mathewson, Christopher (Christy) US baseball player _1880-1925 Mathias, Robert Bruce (Bob) US track athlete; won gold medal in Olympic decathlon 1948, 1952 _1930-- Mathis, John Royce (Johnny) US singer _1935-- Matilda of Flanders Eng.-Norman regent; wife of William the Conqueror 1053? _10XX-1083 Matisse, Henri Fr. Impressionist & Fauvist painter; leader of Fauvist movement; coined word "Cubism" _1869-1954 Matlock, Jack Foust Jr. US diplomat; US ambassador to Soviet Union 1987-1991 _1929-- Matsui, Iwane Japanese gen.; led Japanese troops in Rape of Nanking 1937-1938; executed for war crimes _1878-1948 Matsuo, Basho (orig. Matsuo Munefusa) Japanese haiku poet _1644-1694 Matsuoka, Yosuke Japanese polit. _1880-1946 Matsushita, Konosuke Japanese electrical industrialist; founder & eponym of Matsushita Co. 1918 _1894-1989 Matsukata, Masayoshi Japanese polit. & financial reformer; Japanese finance minister 1881-1882, 1896-1898, 1898-1900; prime min. of Japan 1891-1892, 1896-1898; father of Japanese economy _1835-1924 Matsuyama, Motonori (also Motonori Matuyama) Japanese geologist; discovered prehistoric reversal of Earth's magnetic field 1929 _1884-1958 Matteotti, Giacomo It. socialist polit.; assassinated on Mussolini's orders _1885-1924 Matteson, Joel Aldrich US polit.; gov. of Illinois 1853-1857 _1808-1873 Matthew (Levi) Christian apostle & saint; patron saint of accountants, bankers, & tax collectors _0XX Matthews, [James] Brander US aut. & educator _1852-1929 Matthews, Francis Patrick US admin.; secy. of navy 1949-1951 _1887-1952 Matthews, Harlan US Dem. polit.; Senator from Tennessee 1993-- _19XX-- Matthews, John US (Eng.-born) inventor & soda water manufacturer; invented soda fountain _1808-1870 Matthews, Stanley US jurist & polit.; Supr. Ct. justice 1881-1889; father-in-law of Horace Gray _1824-1889 Mattingly, Donald Arthur (Don) US baseball player; played for New York Yankees 1982-- _1961-- Mattioli, Girolamo (Marchioli; the Man in the Iron Mask) It. diplomat & duke; imprisoned in Bastille 1698-1703 for revealing Fr. negotiations to buy Mantuan fortress of Casale _1640-1703 Mattus, Reuben US (Pol.-born) ice cream businessman; founded Haagen-Dasz 1959 _1912-1994 Mauchly, John William US pioneer computer sci.; co-developed ENIAC with J. Presper Eckert 1945 _1907-1980 Maugham, [William] Somerset (W. Somerset Maugham) Eng. (Fr.-born) dram. & nov.; wrote "Of Human Bondage" 1915, "The Moon and Sixpence" 1919, "Cakes and Ale" 1930, "The Razor's Edge" 1945, short story "Rain" _1874-1965 Mauldin, William Henry (Bill) US cartoonist & soldier _1921-- Maung Maung, U Burmese lawyer & polit.; pres. of Burma 1988 _19XX-1994 Maung Maung Kha, U Burmese lawyer & polit.; prime min. of Burma 1977-1988 _19XX-- Maunoury, Michel Joseph Fr. gen. _1847-1923 Maupassant, [Henri Rene Albert] Guy de Fr. short story aut.; wrote short story "Boule de Suif", novel "Bel-Ami" 1885; suicide; godson of Gustave Flaubert _1850-1893 Maupertuis, Pierre Louis Moreau de Fr. math. & phys.; formulated principle of least action 1744; showed Earth to be oblate spheroid _1698-1759 Maurer, Ion Gheorghe Romanian Communist polit.; pres. of Romania 1958-1961; prime min. of Romania 1961-1974 _1902-- Mauriac, Francois Fr. aut.; NP Lit. 1952 _1885-1970 Maurice (also Moritz) gen. & elector of Saxony 1547-1553 _1521-1553 Maurice of Nassau (Maurice of Orange) Dutch gen. & polit. _1567-1625 Maurois, Andre (orig. Emile Salomon Wilhelm Herzog) Fr. aut. _1885-1967 Mauroy, Pierre Fr. polit.; prime min. of France 1981-1984 _1928-- Maury, Matthew Fontaine US naval officer & oceanographer _1806-1873 Mauser, Peter Paul Ger. gun inventor _1838-1914 Mauser, Wilhelm Ger. gun inventor; brother of Peter Paul Mauser _1834-1882 Mausolus Persian satrap & king of Caria 376b?-353b?; eponym of Mausoleum at Halicarnassus _3XXb-350b? Maverick, Samuel Augustus US cattle rancher & pioneer in Texas; allowed cattle to roam freely; source of word "maverick" _1803-1870 Mawson, Douglas, Sir Austr. explorer & geologist _1882-1958 Maxcy, Jonathan US Baptist clergyman & educator; pres. of Brown Univ. 1792-1804; 1st pres. of Univ. of S. Carolina 1805-1820 _1768-1820 Maxim, Hiram Stevens, Sir Brit. (US-born) machine gun inventor _1840-1916 Maxim, Hudson US inventor & explosives expert; invented gun silencer _1853-1927 Maximilian I (Maximilian IV Joseph) last elector of Bavaria 1799-1806; 1st king of Bavaria 1806-1825 _1756-1825 Maximilian II king of Bavaria 1848-1864; son of Louis I; brother of Otto of Greece _1811-1864 Maximilian Mex. emperor 1864-1867 _1832-1867 Maximilian I Holy Rom. emperor 1493-1519 _1459-1519 Maximilian II Holy Rom. emperor 1564-1576 _1527-1576 Maxton, James Brit. polit. & political agitator _1885-1946 Maxwell, James Clerk Scot. phys. _1831-1879 Maxwell, [Ian] Robert (orig. Jan Ludwig Hoch) Brit. (Czechoslovakian-born) businessman & publisher _1923-1992 May, Francis Henry, Sir Brit. admin.; gov. of Hong Kong 1912-1919 _1860-1922 May, Rollo US psychotherapist; pioneer of humanistic psychology; wrote "The Meaning of Anxiety" 1950, "Love and Will" 1969, "The Courage to Create" 1975 _1909-1994 May, Thomas Erskine, Sir Eng. jurist _1815-1886 Mayakovsky, Vladimir Vladimirovich Rus. Soviet (Georgian-born) poet; suicide _1893-1930 Maybeck, Bernard Ralph US architect _1862-1957 Mayer, Oscar US (Ger.-born) meat industrialist; founder & eponym of Oscar Mayer Co. 1883 _1859-1955 Mayer, Rene Fr. polit.; prime min. of France 1953 _1895-1972 Maynard, Horace US polit.; Postmaster Gen. 1880-1881 _1814-1882 Mayo, Charles Horace US surgeon; brother of William James Mayo _1865-1939 Mayo, William James US surgeon; brother of Charles Horace Mayo _1861-1939 Mayor Zaragoza, Federico Sp. admin. & biochem.; director-general of UNESCO 1987-- _1934-- Mayr, Michael Aus. polit.; chancellor of Austria 1920-1921 _1864-1922 Mays, William Howard Jr. (Willie) US baseball player; played for San Francisco Giants 1951-1972 _1931-- Mazarin, Jules (orig. Giulio Mazarini) Fr. (It.-born) cardinal & polit. _1602-1661 Mazdak Persian religious reformer _4XXb Mazowiecki, Tadeusz Pol. journalist & polit.; 1st post-Communist prime min. of Poland 1989-1990 _1927-- Mazzili, Pascoal Ranieri Brazilian polit.; acting pres. of Brazil 1961, 1964 _1910-1975 Mazzini, Giuseppe It. patriot & polit. of Risorgimento movement _1805-1872 M'Ba, Leon Gabonese polit.; prime min. of Gabon 1958-1967; 1st prime min. of independent Gabon 1960; 1st pres. of Gabon 1960-1967 _1902-1967 Mbandzeni (also Mbandini, Umbadine; Dlamini IV) king of Swaziland 1874-1889; son of Mswati _1857?-1889 Mbeki, Thabo Mvulyewa S. African black polit.; first deputy pres. of S. Africa 1994-- _1942-- M'Bida, Andre Marie Cameroon polit.; 1st prime min. of Cameroon 1957-1958 _1917-1980 Mbonyumutwa, Dominique Rwandan polit.; 1st pres. of Rwanda 1961-1962 _19XX M'Bow, Amadou Mahtar Senegalese educator; director-general of UNESCO 1974-1987 _1921-- Mboya, Thomas Joseph (Tom) Kenyan nationalist & polit.; helped draft Kenyan constitution; leader of KANU Party; assassinated _1926-1969 McAdam, John Loudon Scot. engineer & inventor; source of word "macadam" _1756-1836 McAdoo, William Gibbs US industrialist, lawyer, & Dem. polit.; Secy. of Treasury 1913-1918; cand. for Dem. pres. nomination 1920, 1924; Senator from California 1933-1939; son-in-law of Woodrow Wilson _1863-1941 M'Carthy, Justin Irish aut. & polit. _1830-1912 McAuliffe, [Sharon] Christa (nee Corrigan) US astronaut & teacher; died in explosion of space shuttle Challenger _1948-1986 McBride, Lloyd US labor leader; pres. of United Steelworkers of America 1977-1983 _1916-1983 McCabe, Thomas Bayard US banker & paper businessman; pres. & CEO of Scott Paper Co. 1927-1967; chairman of Federal Reserve Board 1948-1951 _1893-1982 McCaffrey, Anne Inez US fantasy & science fiction nov.; wrote Dragons of Pern series (including novels "Dragonflight" 1968, "Dragonquest" 1971, "The White Dragon" 1978) _1926-- McCain, John Sidney Jr. US adm.; father of John McCain III _1911-1981 McCain, John Sidney III US (Panama Canal Zone-born) Rep. polit.; Senator from Arizona 1987--; member of Keating Five; son of John McCain Jr. _1936-- McCall, Smauel Walker US polit.; gov. of Massachusetts 1916-1919 _1851-1923 McCandless, Bruce II US astronaut; 1st human to walk in space untethered _1937-- McCarthy, Eugene Joseph US polit. _1916-- McCarthy, John US computer sci.; pioneer of artificial intelligence; coined phrase "artificial intelligence" 1956; developed computer language LISP _1927-- McCarthy, Joseph Raymond (Joe, Tailgunner Joe) US Rep. polit.; Senator from Wisconsin 1947-1957; attacked alleged Communists in federal government 1950-1954; chairman of Senate Government Operations Committee 1953-1955 _1908-1957 McCarthy, Mary Therese US aut. _1912-1989 McCarthy, William US labor leader; pres. of Teamsters 1988-1992 _1919-- McCartney, [James] Paul US musician & singer; member of the Beatles 1962-1970 _1942-- McCarty, Daniel Thomas US polit.; gov. of Florida 1953 _1912-1953 McCauley, Mary Ludwig Hays (Molly Pitcher) US patriot in American Revolution; fought at battle of Monmouth 1778 _1754-1832 McCawley, Charles Grymes US Marine Corps officer; commandant of Marine Corps 1876-1891 _1827-1891 McCay, Winsor US cartoonist; created Little Nemo _1872-1934 McClellan, George Brinton US gen. & polit.; led Army of the Potomac in Civil War 1861-1862; general-in-chief of Union forces in Civil War 1861-1862; Dem. pres. cand. 1864; gov. of New Jersey 1878-1881 _1826-1885 McClellan, George Brinton US (Ger.-born) polit.; mayor of New York City 1903-1909; son of George McClellan _1865-1940 McClellan, John Little US polit.; 1st chairman of Senate Government Operations Committee 1952-1953, 1955-1972; chairman of Senate Appropriations Committee 1972-1977 _1896-1977 McClelland, George William US educator; provost of Univ. of Pennsylvania 1939-1944; pres. of Univ. of Pennsylvania 1944-1948 _1880-1955 McClelland, Robert US polit.; gov. of Michigan 1851-1853; Secy. of Interior 1853-1857 _1807-1880 McClintock, Barbara US geneticist; NP Med. 1983 _1902-1992 McCloskey, John US cardinal; 1st US Roman Catholic cardinal 1875; archbishop of New York City 1864-1885 _1810-1885 McCloy, John Jay US admin., banker, & diplomat; pres. of World Bank 1947-1949; chairman of Council on Foreign Relations 1953-1970; member of Warren Commission _1895-1989 McClure, Samuel Sidney US (Irish-born) editor & publisher; founded 1st newspaper syndicate in US 1884; founder & eponym of McClure's Magazine 1893 _1857-1949 McComas, [Jesse] Francis (J. Francis McComas) US science fiction aut. & editor; co-founded Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction 1954 _1911-1978 McCone, John Alex US admin. & businessman; chairman of Atomic Energy Commission 1958-1961; director of CIA 1961-1965 _1902-1991 McConn, James Joseph (Jim) US polit.; mayor of Houston 1977-1981 _1928-- McConnell, John US adm.; director of National Security Agency 1992-- (NSA) _19XX-- McConnell, John Paul US air force gen.; air force chief of staff 1965-1969 _1908-1986 McConnell, [Addison] Mitchell Jr. (Mitch) US Rep. polit.; Senator from Kentucky 1985-- _1942-- McCormack, John US (Irish-born) tenor _1884-1945 McCormack, John William US polit.; House majority leader 1940-1947, 1949-1953, 1955-1962; House minority whip 1947-1949, 1953-1955; Speaker of the House 1962-1971 _1891-1980 McCormick, Cyrus Hall US inventor; invented reaper _1809-1884 McCormick, Edith (nee Rockefeller) US philanthropist; established Chicago Zoo; daughter of John D. Rockefeller; daughter-in-law of Cyrus Hall McCormick _1872-1932 McCormick, Peter Dodds (pseud. Amicus) Austr. songwriter; wrote & composed Austr. national anthem "Advance Australia Fair" (adopted 1974) _1834-1916 McCormick, Robert Rutherford US newspaper publisher _1880-1955 McCosh, James US (Scot.-born) educator; pres. of Princeton Univ. 1868-1888 _1811-1894 McCovey, William Lee (Willie) US baseball player; played for San Francisco Giants 1959-1973, 1977-1980 _1938-- McCracken, Paul Winston US economist; chairman of Council of Economic Advisors 1969-1972 _1915-- McCrary, George US admin.; Secy. of War 1877-1879 _1835-1890 McCreight, John Foster Can. (Irish-born) polit.; 1st premier of British Columbia 1871-1872 _1827-1913 McCullers, Carson (nee Smith) US aut. _1917-1967 McCulloch, Hugh US banker; Secy. of Treasury 1865-1869; Secy. of Treasury 1884-1885 _1808-1895 McCullough, Colleen Austr. nov.; wrote novel "The Thorn Birds" 1977 _1937-- McCullough, David US biographer & historian; wrote biography "Truman" 1992 _1933-- McCutcheon, John Tinney US cartoonist & journalist _1870-1949 McDonald, David John US labor leader; pres. of United Steelworkers of America 1952-1965 _1902-1979 McDonald, David Lamar US adm. & aviator; chief of naval operations 1963-1967 _1906-- McDonald, Gail (nee Clements) US admin.; chairman of Interstate Commerce Commission 1993-- (ICC) _1944-- McDonald, Maurice US fast food businessman; co-founder & co-eponym of McDonald's 1948; sold franchise rights to Ray Kroc 1954; brother of Richard McDonald _1902-1971 McDonald, Richard US fast food businessman; co-founder & co-eponym of McDonald's 1948; sold franchise rights to Ray Kroc 1954; brother of Maurice McDonald _1909?-- McDonald, William US polit.; 1st US gov. of New Mexico 1912-1917 _1858-1918 McDonnell, James Smith US aircraft industrialist; co-founder & co-eponym of McDonnell Douglas Corp. 1967 _1899-1980 McDougal, John US polit.; gov. of California 1851-1852 _1818-1866 McDowell, Ephraim US surgeon _1771-1830 McDowell, Irvin US gen. in Civil War; lost 1st battle of Bull Run 1861 _1818-1885 McDowell, James US polit.; gov. of Virginia 1843-1846; nephew of James Preston; nephew of John Floyd; cousin of John Buchanan Floyd _1795-1851 McDuffie, John US polit.; House minority whip 1928-1931; House majority whip 1931-1933 _1883-1950 McElroy, Neil Hosler US businessman; Secy. of Defense 1957-1960 _1904-1972 McElroy, William David US admin. & biochem.; director of National Science Foundation 1969-1971 (NSF) _1917-- McEnroe, John Patrick Jr. US (Ger.-born) tennis player _1959-- McEntee, James Joseph US admin.; 2nd & last director of Civilian Conservation Corps 1940-1942 (CCC) _1884-1957 McEntire, Reba US country singer; recorded albums "Reba McEntire" 1977, "Unlimited" 1982, "Whoever's in New England" 1986, "Reba" 1988, "For My Broken Heart" 1991, "It's Your Call" 1992; wrote autobiography "Reba: My Story" 1994 _1955-- McEwen, John, Sir Austr. polit.; prime min. of Australia 1967-1968 _1900-1980 McFall, John Joseph US polit.; House majority whip 1973-1977 _1918-- McFarland, Ernest William US polit.; Senate majority leader 1951-1953; gov. of Arizona 1955-1959 _1894-1984 McFarland, George Robert Phillips (Spanky) US television actor; starred in series "Our Gang" 1920-1927 _1908-1993 McFerrin, Bobby US singer _1950-- McGee, Thomas D'Arcy Can.-Irish editor, nationalist, orator, & polit.; advocated Can. confederation; assassinated _1825-1868 McGill, James Can. (Scot.-born) fur trader & philanthropist; endower & eponym of McGill Univ. 1829 _1744-1813 McGoohan, Patrick US actor; starred in series "Secret Agent" 1965-1966, "The Prisoner" 1968, movie "Scanners" 1980 _1928-- McGovern, George Stanley US polit.; Dem. pres. cand. 1972 _1922-- McGrath, [James] Howard (J. Howard McGrath) US polit.; gov. of Rhode Island 1941-1945; chairman of Dem. National Committee 1947-1949; Atty. Gen. 1949-1953 _1903-1966 McGraw, Donald Cushing US publisher _1897-1974 McGraw, John Joseph US baseball manager; manager of New York Mets 1902-1932 _1873-1934 McGuffey, William Holmes US educator; aut. & eponym of McGuffey reader _1800-1873 McHenry, Donald Franchot US diplomat; US ambassador to UN 1979-1981 _1938-- McHenry, James US (Irish-born) patriot in American Revolution; Secy. of War 1796-1800 _1753-1816 McIntyre, James Francis Aloysius US cardinal 1953; archbishop of Los Angeles 1948-1953 _1886-1979 McIntyre, James Jr. US banker; director of Office of Management & Budget 1977-1980 (OMB) _1940-- McKay, Claude US (Jamaican-born) aut. of Harlem Renaissance _1890-1948 McKay, David Oman US Mormon clergyman; 10th pres. of Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints 1951-1970 _1873-1970 McKay, Douglas US polit.; gov. of Oregon 1949-1952; Secy. of Interior 1953-1956 _1893-1959 McKean, Thomas US polit. in American Revolution; pres. of Delaware 1777; pres. of Continental Congress 1781; gov. of Pennsylvania 1799-1808 _1734-1817 McKell, William John, Sir (Billy) Austr. polit.; premier of New S. Wales 1941-1947; gov-gen. of Australia 1947-1953 _1891-1985 McKellar, Kenneth Douglas US polit.; pres. pro tempore of Senate 1945-1953 _1869-1957 McKenna, Joseph US jurist & polit.; Atty. Gen. 1897-1898; Supr. Ct. justice 1898-1925 _1843-1926 McKennan, Thomas McKean Thompson US polit.; Secy. of Interior 1850 _1794-1852 McKernan, John Rettie Jr. US Rep. polit.; gov. of Maine 1987-- _1948-- McKim, Charles Follen US architect; designed Boston Public Library _1847-1909 McKinley, Ida (nee Saxton) US wife of William McKinley 1871 _1847-1907 McKinley, John US jurist & polit.; Supr. Ct. justice 1837-1852; 1st justice to hold 9th seat on Supr. Ct. _1780-1852 McKinley, William US polit.; gov. of Ohio 1892-1896; 25th pres. of US 1897-1901; assassinated _1843-1901 McKinney, Philip Watkins US polit.; gov. of Virginia 1890-1894 _1832-1899 McLane, Louis US diplomat & polit.; Secy. of Treasury 1831-1833; Secy. of State 1833-1834 _1786-1857 McLane, Robert Milligan US polit.; chairman of Dem. National Committee 1852-1854; gov. of Maryland 1884-1885; son of Louis McLane _1815-1898 McLarty, Thomas (Mack, Mack the Nice) US polit.; White House chief of staff 1993-1994 _1946-- McLaughlin, Ann Dore US admin.; Secy. of Labor 1987-1989 _1941-- McLaughlin, Audrey (nee Brown) Can. polit.; leader of New Democratic Party 1989-- _1936-- McLaughlin, David Thomas US educator; pres. of Dartmouth College 1981-1987 _1932-- McLean, Don US singer & songwriter _1945-- McLean, John US polit.; Postmaster Gen. 1823-1829; Whig pres. cand. 1836; Supr. Ct. justice 1829-1861 _1785-1861 McLucas, John Luther US admin.; pres. & CEO of Mitre Corp. 1966-1969; secy. of air force 1973-1975; admin. of Federal Aviation Administration 1975-1977 (FAA) _1920-- McLuhan, [Herbert] Marshall Can. aut., educator, media expert, & philos. _1911-1980 McMahon, Edward Lee (Ed) US actor & sweepstakes publicity agent _1923-- McMahon, William, Sir Austr. polit.; prime min. of Australia 1971-1972 _1908-1988 McManus, Jason Donald US magazine editor; editor-in-chief of Time magazine 1987-- _1934-- McMillan, Edwin Mattison US chem. & phys.; co-discovered elements neptunium & plutonium; NP Chem. 1951 _1907-1991 McMurtry, Larry US aut.; wrote novel "Lonesome Dove" 1985 _1936-- McNair, Alexander US polit.; 1st US gov. of Missouri 1821-1824 _1775-1826 McNair, Ronald Erwin (Ron) US astronaut; died in explosion of space shuttle Challenger _1950-1986 McNamara, Robert Strange US businessman; pres. of Ford Motor Co. 1960-1961; Secy. of Defense 1961-1968; pres. of World Bank 1968-1981 _1916-- McNary, Charles Linza US polit.; Senate minority leader 1933-1945; Rep. vice-pres. cand. 1940 _1874-1944 McNaughton, Andrew George Latta Can. diplomat & gen. _1887-1966 McNicholas, John US (Irish-born) archbishop; archbishop of Cincinnati 1925-1950 _1877-1950 McNutt, Paul Vories US admin.; US high commissioner of Philippines 1937-1939 _1891-1955 McParlan, James US detective; infiltrated Molly Maguires _1844-1919 McPeak, Merrill Anthony (Tony) US air force gen; air force chief of staff 1990-- _1936-- McPhatter, Clyde US singer; member of the Drifters _1933-1972 McQueen, Terence Stephen (Steve) US movie actor _1930-1980 McReynolds, James Clark US jurist; Atty. Gen. 1913-1914; Supr. Ct. justice 1914-1941 _1862-1946 McTiernan, John US movie director; directed movies "Predator" 1987, "Die Hard" 1988, "The Hunt for Red October" 1990, "Medicine Man" 1992, "Last Action Hero" 1993 _1951-- McWherter, Ned Ray US polit.; gov. of Tennessee 1987-- _1930-- Mead, George Herbert US social psychologist _1863-1931 Mead, Margaret US anthropologist & popularizer of anthropology _1901-1978 Meade, George Gordon US gen.; won battle of Gettysburg in Civil War 1863 _1815-1872 Meade, James Edward Brit. economist; NP Econ. 1977 _1907-- Meany, George US labor leader; 1st pres. of AFL-CIO 1955-1980 _1894-1980 Mea'ole, Tupua Tamasese Western Samoan leader; joint head of state of Western Samoa 1962-1963 _19XX-1963 Meatloaf (orig. Marvin Lee Aday) US rock singer _1947-- Mecham, Evan US polit.; gov. of Arizona 1987-1988; impeached & removed from office _1924-- Meciar, Vladimir Slovak polit.; 1st prime min. of Slovakia 1992-1994 _1942-- Medawar, Peter Brian, Sir Brit. (Brazilian-born) anatomist; NP Med. 1960 _1915-- Medeiros, Humberto Sousa US (Port.-born) cardinal 1973; archbishop of Boston 1970-1973 _1915-1983 Medici, Cosimo de' (the Elder) It. Florentine financier & polit. _1389-1464 Medici, Cosimo I de' (the Great) It. duke of Florence & Tuscany _1519-1574 Medici, Emilio Garrastazu Brazilian polit.; pres. of Brazil 1969-1974 _1905-- Medici, Lorenzo de' (Lorenzo the Magnificent) It. Florentine polit. _1449-1492 Medina [Angarita], Isaias Venezuelan gen. & polit.; pres. of Venezuela 1941, 1941-1944, 1944-1945 _1897-1953 Medina-Sidonia, Duque Alonso Perez de Guzman de Sp. adm. _15XX-1619 Meegerhan, Hans van Dutch art forger _1889-1947 Meehan, John Silva US admin.; librarian of Congress 1829-1861 _1790-1863 Meese, Edwin III (Ed) US polit.; Atty. Gen. 1985-1988 _1931-- Mehmed Said Pasha viceroy of Egypt 1854-1863; son of Muhammad Ali Pasha _1822-1863 Mehta, Zubin US (Indian-born) conductor; conducted Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra 1962-1978; conducted New York Philharmonic Orchestra 1978-1991 _1936-- Meighen, Arthur Can. polit.; prime min. of Canada 1920-1921, 1926 _1874-1960 Meigs, Return Jonathan Jr. US polit.; gov. of Ohio 1810-1814; Postmaster Gen. 1814-1823 _1764-1824 Meiklejohn, Alexander US (Eng.-born) educator _1872-1964 Meinhof, Ulrike W. Ger. anarchist terrorist; led Red Army Faction with Andreas Baader _1934-1976 Meir, Golda (orig. Goldie Mabovitch) Israeli (Rus.-born) polit.; prime min. of Israel 1969-1974; resigned _1898-1978 Meissonier, Jean Louis Ernest Fr. painter _1815-1891 Meitner, Lise Ger. phys. _1878-1968 Meksi, Alexander Albanian polit.; prime min. of Albania 1992-- _1939-- Melanchthon, Philipp (orig. Philipp Schwartzerd) Ger. religious reformer & scholar in Protestant Reformation _1497-1560 Melba, Nellie, Dame (orig. Helen Porter Mitchell) Austr. soprano singer _1861-1931 Melbourne, Viscount (William Lamb) Brit. polit.; Brit. prime min. 1834, 1835-1841 _1779-1848 Melchers, [Julius] Gari US painter _1860-1932 Melchior, Lauritz Lebrecht Hommel US (Danish-born) tenor _1890-1973 Melette, Arthur Calvin US polit.; 1st US gov. of S. Dakota 1889-1893 _1842-1896 Mellencamp, John Cougar US singer _1951-- Mellon, Andrew William US financier & philanthropist; Secy. of Treasury 1921-1932; co-endower & co-eponym of Carnegie Mellon Univ. _1855-1937 Melville, Herman (orig. Herman Melvill) US nov. & sailor; wrote novels "Typee" 1846, "Omoo" 1847, "Moby Dick" 1851, "Israel Potter" 1855, "Billy Budd" 1924, short stories "Bartleby the Scrivener" 1853, "Benito Cereno" 1855 _1819-1891 Melville, Jean Pierre (pseud. of Jean Pierre Grumbach) Fr. movie director; forerunner of New Wave _1917-1973 Memling, Hans (also Hans Memlinc) Flemish painter _1430?-1494 Memminger, Christopher Gustavus US-Confederate (Ger.-born) polit.; 1st Confederate secy. of treasury 1861-1864 _1803-1888 Menabrea, Federico Luigi, Count It. polit.; prime min. of Italy 1867-1869 _1809-1896 Menander Gk. comic dram.; wrote plays "Epiptrepontes", "Perikeiromene", "Dyskolos" _342b?-292b? Menard, John Willis US polit.; 1st black elected to Congress 1868 but did not serve _1838-1893 Menchik, Vera Francevna Rus. chess player _1906-1944 Menchu, Rigoberta Guatemalan activist; NP Peace 1992 _1951-- Mencius (also Meng-tzu, Meng-tse; orig. Meng K'o) Chinese Confucian philos. _371b?-289b? Mencken, Henry Louis (H. L. Mencken) US editor _1880-1956 Mendel, Gregor Johann Aus. botanist & geneticist; founder of genetics _1822-1884 Mendel, Lafayette Benedict US biochem.; discovered vitamin A 1913; discovered function of vitamin C _1872-1935 Mendeleev, Dmitri Ivanovich (also Dmitri Mendeleyev) Rus. chem.; created 1st periodic table of the elements 1869 _1834-1907 Mendelssohn, Moses Ger. Jewish philos.; advocate of cultural assimilation; grandfather of Felix Mendelssohn _1729-1786 Mendelssohn, Felix (Jakob Ludwig Felix Mendelssohn-Bartholdy) Ger. composer, conductor, & pianist; composed song "Hark, the Herald Angels Sing" 1840 _1809-1847 Menderes, Adnan Turkish dictator & polit.; prime min. of Turkey 1950-1960; overthrown & killed _1899-1961 Mendes, Chico Brazilian labor leader & environmentalist radical; murdered _1944-1988 Mendes-France, Pierre Fr. polit.; prime min. of France 1954-1955 _1907-1982 Mendez [Arancibia], Geronimo Chilean polit.; pres. of Chile 1941-1942 _1884-1959 Mendoza, Antonio de Sp. colonial gov. _1490?-1552 Menelaus of Alexandria Gk. math.; pioneer of spherical trigonometry; discoverer & eponym of Menelaus' theorem _1XX Menelik II (also Menilek II) emperor of Ethiopia 1889-1913; ruled under regency 1909-1913 _1844-1913 Menem, Carlos Saul Argentine polit.; pres. of Argentina 1989-- _1935-- Menendez de Aviles, Pedro Sp. colonial admin. & explorer in Florida _1519-1574 Menes king of Egypt; 1st ruler of Ist dynasty; founded Memphis; united northern & southern kingdoms _31XXb? Menezes, Aristide Guinea-Bissau dissident & polit. _1947?-1994 Mengele, Josef Ger. Nazi admin. & physician _1911-1979 Menger, Karl Aus. economist; founder of Aus. school of economics _1840-1921 Mengistu, Haile Mariam Ethiopian Amharic gen. & polit.; pres. of Ethiopia 1977-1991; resigned _1937-- Mengoli, Pietro It. math.; proved divergence of harmonic series 1650 _1626-1682 Mengs, Anton Raphael Ger. Neoclassical painter _1728-1779 Menino, Thomas (Tom) US Dem. polit.; mayor of Boston 1993-- _1942-- Menninger, Karl Augustus US psychiatrist _1893-1990 Menno Simons Dutch religious reformer; founder of Mennonite sect _1496-1559 Menon, Vengalil Krishnan Krishna Indian diplomat, nationalist, & polit. _1897-1974 Menotti, Gian Carlo US (It.-born) operatic composer _1911-- Menshikov, Alexander Danilovich Rus. polit. & marshal; fought in war against Sweden 1702-1713; advisor to Peter I; de facto ruler of Russia 1725-1727; deposed _1673-1729 Menuhin, Yehudi Brit. (US-born) violinist _1916-- Menzhinsky, Vyacheslav Rudolfovich Rus. Soviet admin.; chairman of OGPU 1926-1934 _1874-1934 Menzies, Robert Gordon, Sir Austr. polit.; prime min. of Australia 1939-1941, 1949-1966 _1894-1978 Mera, Juan Leon Ecuadorean editor & polit.; wrote Ecuadorean national anthem (adopted 1948) _1832-1894 Merbah, Kasdi Abdallah Khalef Algerian army officer & polit.; prime min. of Algeria 1988-1989; assassinated _1938-1993 Merbold, Ulf Dietrich W. Ger. (E. Ger.-born) astronaut; 1st non-US astronaut on US space mission 1983 _1941-- Mercader, Ramon del Rio (Frank Jacson) Cuban assassin of Leon Trotsky _1914-1978 Mercalli, Giuseppe It. clergyman, geologist, & seismologist; inventor & eponym of Mercalli scale for earthquake severity 1902 _1850-1914 Mercator, Gerardus (also Gerhard Kremer) Flemish cartographer; eponym of Mercator projection _1512-1594 Mercator, Nicolaus Danish math.; discoverer & eponym of Mercator's series expansion for logarithm function _1619?-1687 Mercer, John Herndon (Johnny) US rock singer & songwriter _1909-1976 Mercier, Desire Joseph Belgian cardinal & philos. _1851-1926 Mercouri, Melina (orig. Maria Amalia Mercouri) Gk. admin. & movie actress; starred in movie "Never on Sunday" 1959; Gk. culture minister 1981-1990, 1993-1994 _1925-1994 Mercury, Freddie (orig. Frederick Bulsara) Brit. (Zanzibar-born) rock singer; lead singer of Queen _1946-1991 Meredith, Edwin Thomas US journalist; Secy. of Agriculture 1920-1921 _1876-1928 Meredith, George Eng. nov. & poet _1828-1909 Meredith, William Morris US lawyer; Secy. of Treasury 1849-1850 _1799-1873 Merezhovsky, Dmitri Sergeyevich Rus. aut. _1865-1941 Mergenthaler, Ottmar US (Ger.-born) inventor of linotype 1884 _1854-1899 Meri, Lennart (also Lemmart Meri) Estonian diplomat & polit.; pres. of Estonia 1992-- _1929-- Merimee, Prosper Fr. aut. _1803-1870 Merman, Ethel (orig. Ethel Agnes Zimmerman) US actress & singer _1909-1984 Merriam, Frank Finley US polit.; gov. of California 1934-1939 _1865-1955 Merrifield, Robert Bruce US biochem.; NP Chem. 1984 _1921-- Merrill, Charles Edward US financier _1885-1956 Merrill, Henry Tindall (Dick) US aviator; made 1st round-trip trans-Atlantic flight 1936 _1894?-1982 Merrill, Stephen US Rep. polit.; gov. of New Hampshire 1993-- _1946-- Merriman, John Xavier Brit. admin. in S. Africa; last premier of Cape Colony 1908-1910 _1841-1926 Merritt, Wesley US admin.; only US military gov. of Philippines 1900 _1834-1910 Mersenne, Marin Fr. abbot, math., philos., sci., & theol.; eponym of Mersenne primes _1588-1648 Merton, Thomas US religious aut., clergyman, & Trappist monk _1915-1968 Merwin, William Stanley (W. S. Merwin) US poet _1927-- Merzagora, Cesare It. polit.; acting pres. of Italy 1964 _1898-- Meshkov, Yuri Rus.-Ukrainian polit.; pres. of Crimea 1994--; supporter of Crimea leaving Ukraine to join Russia _1946?-- Mesmer, Franz (also Friedrich) Anton Ger. hypnotist & physician; source of word "mesmerism" _1734-1815 Mesrob [Mashtots] (also Mesrop [Mashtots]) Armenian bishop & scholar; devised Armenian alphabet _350?-439 Messala Corvinus, Marcus Valerius (also Messalla Corvinus) Rom. gen. & polit. _064b?-008 Messalina, Valeria Rom. empress; 3rd wife of Claudius _022?-048 Messer, Asa US Baptist clergyman & educator; pres. of Brown Univ. 1804-1826 _1769-1836 Messerschmitt, Willy Ger. aircraft designer & manufacturer _1898-1978 Messiaen, Olivier Eugene Prosper Charles Fr. composer & organist; student of Paul Dukas _1908-1992 Messick, Dale US cartoonist; created Brenda Starr _1906-- Messier, Charles Fr. astronomer; catalogued nebulae _1730-1817 Messmer, Pierre Auguste Joseph Fr. polit.; prime min. of France 1973-1974 _1916-- Mesta, Perle Reid (also Pearl Mesta; nee Skirvin) US diplomat & socialite; US ambassador to Luxembourg 1949-1953; subject of Irving Berlin's musical "Call Me Madam" 1950 _1889-1975 Mestrovic, Ivan US (Yugoslavian-born) sculptor _1883-1962 Metaxas, Ioannis Gk. gen. & polit.; dictator of Greece 1936-1941 _1871-1941 Metcalf, Victor Howard US polit.; Secy. of C&L 1904-1906; Secy. of Navy 1906-1908 _1853-1936 Metcalfe, Charles Theophilus, Sir (Baron Metcalfe) Brit. admin. in India; acting gov-gen. of India 1835-1836 _1785-1846 Metchnikoff, Elie (orig. Ilya Ilyich Metchnikoff) Fr. (Rus.-born) bacteriologist & zoologist; NP Med. 1908 _1845-1916 Metternich, Klemens Wenzel Nepomuk Lothar von Aus. diplomat & polit.; represented Austria at Congress of Vienna 1814 _1773-1859 Metzenbaum, Howard Morton US Dem. polit.; Senator from Ohio 1974, 1976-- _1917-- Meung, Jean de (Jean Clopinel) Fr. epic poet & satirist _12XX-1305 Meyer, Albert Gregory US cardinal 1959; archbishop of Milwaukee 1953-1958; archbishop of Chicago 1958-1965 _1903-1965 Meyer, Annie (nee Nathan) US aut. & educator _1867-1951 Meyer, Edward Charles (Shy) US gen.; army chief of staff 1979-1983 _1928-- Meyer, Eugene US banker, editor, & publisher; chairman of Federal Reserve Board 1930-1933; editor of Washington Post 1940-1946; 1st pres. of World Bank 1946 _1875-1959 Meyer, George von Lengerke US diplomat; Postmaster Gen. 1907-1909; Secy. of Navy 1909-1913 _1858-1918 Meyer, Joseph US songwriter _1894-1987 Meyerbeer, Giacomo (orig. Jakob Liebmann Beer) Ger. composer; brother of Wilhelm Beer _1791-1864 Meyerhof, Otto Fritz US (Ger.-born) biochem.; NP Med. 1922 _1884-1951 Meyerson, Martin US educator & urban planner; acting chancellor of Univ. of California at Berkeley 1963-1966; pres. of Univ. of Pennsylvania 1970-1980 _1922-- Mezzofanti, Giuseppi It. cardinal, librarian, & polyglot _1774-1849 Mfume, Kweisi US polit.; chairman of Congressional Black Caucus 1992-- _1948-- Michael I (also Michael Hohenzollern, Mihai I, Mihai Hohenzollern) last king of Romania 1927-1930, 1940-1947; overthrown; son of Carol II; grandson of Ferdinand I _1921-- Michael [Obrenovic] prince of Serbia 1839-1842, 1860-1868; assassinated _1823-1868 Michael of the Saints (also Miguel de Sanctis) Sp. saint; canonized 1862 _1591-1625 Michael Wisniowiecki elected Pol. king 1669-1673 _1640-1673 Michael, George (orig. Georgios Kyriakou Panayiotou) Eng. rock singer & songwriter; co-recorded albums "Fantastic" 1982, "Make It Big" 1984, "Music From the Edge of Heaven" 1985 in group Wham!, recorded "Faith" 1987 _1963-- Michaelis, Georg Ger. polit.; chancellor of Germany 1917 _1857-1936 Michaels, Lorne (St. Lorne; orig. Lorne Lipowitz) US (Can.-born) television producer; created show "Saturday Night Live" _1944-- Michel, Hartmut Ger. chem.; NP Chem. 1988 _1948-- Michel, Robert Henry US Rep. polit.; House minority whip 1975-1981; House minority leader 1981-- _1923-- Michelangelo (Michelangelo [di Lodovico] Buonarroti [Simoni]) It. architect, painter, & sculptor _1475-1564 Michelet, Jules Fr. historian _1798-1874 Michelin, Andre Fr. rubber automobile tire industrialist _1853-1931 Michelsen, Per Kristian Hersleb Norw. polit.; prime min. of Norway 1905-1907; 1st prime min. of independent Norway _1857-1925 Michelson, Albert Abraham US (Ger.-born) phys.; disproved existence of ether with Michelson-Morley experiment; collaborator with Edward Morley; NP Phys. 1907 _1852-1931 Michener, [Daniel] Roland Can. polit.; gov-gen. of Canada 1967-1974 _1900-- Michener, James Albert US aut.; wrote "Tales of the South Pacific" 1947, "The Bridges of Toko-ri" 1953, "Hawaii" 1959, "The Source" 1965, "Centennial" 1974, "Chesapeake" 1978, "The Covenant" 1980, "Space" 1982, "Recessional" 1994 _1907-- Michiko (nee Kogo) Japanese empress; wife of Akihito 1959; mother of Naruhito _1934-- Michurin, Ivan Vladimirovich Rus. horticulturist; supported inheritance of acquired characteristics _1855-1935 Mickelson, George Speaker US polit.; gov. of S. Dakota 1987-1991 _1941-- Mickiewicz, Adam Pol. nationalist & poet _1798-1855 Micombero, Michel Burundian Tutsi polit.; 1st pres. of Burundi 1966-1976; prime min. of Burundi 1966-1972, 1973-1976; overthrown _1940-1983 Middendorf, [John] William II (J. William Middendorf) US admin., composer, & diplomat; secy. of navy 1974-1976; US ambassador to Organization of American States 1981-1985 (OAS); US ambassador to EC 1985-1987 _1924-- Middleton, Henry US polit. in American Revolution; pres. of Continental Congress 1774-1775 _1717-1784 Middleton, Thomas Eng. dram.; wrote plays "A Mad World, My Masters" 1608, "The Changeling" 1621, "Women Beware Women" 1622 _1570?-1627 Midgeley, Thomas US chem. & inventor; invented antiknock gasoline 1921 _1889-1944 Midler, Bette US actress, comedienne, & singer _1945-- Mie, Gustav Ger. phys.; co-eponym of Mie-Grueneisen equation of state _1868-1957 Mielke, Erich E. Ger. admin.; head of Stasi 1957-1989 _1908?-- Mies van der Rohe, Ludwig US (Ger.-born) Bauhaus architect; co-designed Seagram Building _1886-1969 Mieszko I Pol. king 962-992; 1st ruler of Piast dynasty _922-992 Mieszko II Pol. king 1025-1034; son of Boleslav I _990-1034 Mieszko III Pol. king 1173-1177; son of Boleslav III _1126-1202 Mifflin, Thomas US gen. & polit. in American Revolution; pres. of Continental Congress 1783; 1st US gov. of Pennsylvania 1790-1799 _1744-1800 Mifsud Bonnici, Carmelo (also Karmenu Mifsud Bonnici) Maltese polit.; prime min. of Malta 1985-1987 _1933-- Mifsud Bonnici, Ugo Maltese polit.; pres. of Malta 1994-- _1932-- Mifune, Toshiro Japanese movie actor; starred in movies "Rashomon" 1950, "The Seven Samurai" 1954, "Yojimbo" 1961, "Sanjuro" 1962 _1920-- Miguel Port. king 1828-1834; plotted to overthrow John VI 1824; deposed Maria II 1828; deposed; son of John VI _1802-1866 Mihajlovic, Dragoljub (also Draza Mihailovich) Yugoslavian gen. & Serbian nationalist revolutionary; leader of chetniks; executed by Tito _1893-1946 Mihanovic, Antun Croatian lyricist; wrote Croatian national anthem _1796-1861 Mikan, George Lawrence US basketball player _1924-- Mikhail I Rus. grand prince 1175-1176; son of Yuri Dolgoruki _1151?-1176 Mikhail II Rus. grand prince 1304-1318; son of Yaroslav III _1271-1319 Mikhail Romanov (also Michael Romanov; Mikhail Fyodorovich) Rus. tsar 1613-1645; elected tsar by boyars; founded Romanov dynasty; great-nephew of Ivan IV _1596-1645 Mikhalkov, Sergei Vladimirovich Rus. Soviet aut.; co-wrote Soviet national anthem "Gimn sovyetskovo soyuza" 1943 (also "Hymn of the Soviet Union"; adopted as anthem 1944) _1913-- Miki, Takeo Japanese polit.; prime min. of Japan 1974-1976 _1907-1988 Mikimoto, Kokichi Japanese inventor; made 1st cultured pearl 1893 _1858-1954 Mikita, Stanley (Stan) US hockey player; center for Chicago Black Hawks 1958-1980 _1940-- Miklas, Wilhelm Aus. polit.; pres. of Austria 1928-1938 _1872-1956 Mikoyan, Anastas Ivanovich Armenian Soviet Communist polit.; chairman of Presidium of Supreme Soviet 1964-1965; brother of Artem Mikoyan _1895-1978 Mikoyan, Artem Ivanovich (also Artyom Mikoyan) Armenian Soviet aircraft designer; co-designer & co-eponym of MIG (also MiG, Mig) series of fighter planes with Mikhail Gurevich; co-designed MIG-1 1940 _1905-1970 Mikulski, Barbara Ann US Dem. polit.; Senator from Maryland 1987-- _1936-- Milan I last prince of Serbia 1868-1882; 1st king of Serbia 1882-1889; grand-nephew of Milos Obrenovich _1854-1901 Milan [Obrenovich] prince of Serbia 1839; son of Milos Obrenovic _1819-1839 Miles, Nelson Appleton US gen.; defeated & captured Chief Joseph 1877 _1839-1925 Milestone, Lewis US (Rus.-born) movie director; one of 1st two recipients of Academy Award for best director 1928 _1895-1980 Milgram, Stanley US experimental psychologist; investigated obedience to authority _1933-1984 Milhaud, Darius Fr. composer; member of Les Six _1892-1974 Milk, Harvey US homosexual rights activist & polit.; 1st openly homosexual major city officeholder in US; subject of book "The Mayor of Castro Street"; assassinated _1931-1978 Milken, Michael US financier; pioneer of junk bonds _1946?-- Mill, James Scot. economist, historian, & Utilitarian philos.; wrote "Elements of Political Economy" 1829; father of John Stuart Mill _1773-1836 Mill, John Stuart Eng. economist & philos.; wrote "On Liberty" 1859, "Thoughts on Parliamentary Reform" 1859, "Utilitarianism" 1863, "The Subjection of Women" 1869, "The Irish Land Question" 1870; son of James Mill _1806-1873 Millais, John Everett, Sir Eng. painter _1829-1896 Millay, Edna St. Vincent (pseud. Nancy Boyd) US poet; wrote poem "Renascence", poetry collections "The Harp-Weaver" 1923, "A Few Figs from Thistles" 1920, "Huntsman, What Quarry?" 1939 _1892-1950 Milledge, John US polit.; gov. of Georgia 1802-1806; pres. pro tempore of Senate 1809 _1757-1818 Miller, Arnold Ray US labor leader; pres. of United Mine Workers of America 1972-1979 _1923-1985 Miller, Arthur US dram.; wrote plays "All My Sons" 1947, "Death of a Salesman" 1949, "The Crucible" 1953, "A View from the Bridge" 1955, "After the Fall" 1964, "Incident at Vichy" 1964 _1915-- Miller, [Alton] Glenn US bandleader, jazz musician, & trombonist _1904-1944? Miller, Henry US aut.; wrote novels "Tropic of Cancer" 1934, "Tropic of Capricorn" 1938, "Airconditioned Nightmare" 1945 _1891-1980 Miller, James Clifford III US economist & polit.; chairman of Federal Trade Commission 1981-1985; director of Office of Management & Budget 1985-1988 (OMB) _1942-- Miller, Joaquin (orig. Cincinnatus Hiner Miller) US poet _1837-1913 Miller, John US polit.; 1st US gov. of N. Dakota 1889-1891 _1843-1908 Miller, Merton Howard US economist; NP Econ. 1990 _1923-- Miller, Nathan Lewis US polit.; gov. of New York 1921-1923 _1868-1953 Miller, Perry Gilbert Eddy US historian, literary critic, & scholar _1905-1963 Miller, Robert Joseph (Bob) US polit.; acting gov. of Nevada 1989-1991; gov. of Nevada 1991-- _1945-- Miller, Samuel Freeman US jurist; Supr. Ct. justice 1862-1890; wrote decision for Slaughter-House Cases 1873 _1816-1890 Miller, Walter Dale US polit.; gov. of S. Dakota 1993-- _1925-- Miller, Walter Michael Jr. US science fiction aut.; wrote novelette "The Darfsteller" 1955, novel "A Canticle for Liebowitz" 1960 _1922-- Miller, William US religious leader _1782-1849 Miller, William Edward US polit.; chairman of Rep. National Committee 1961-1964; Rep. vice-pres. cand. 1964 _1914-1983 Miller, William Hallowes Eng. crystallographer & mineralogist; eponym of Miller indices _1801-1880 Miller, William Henry Harrison US lawyer; Atty. Gen. 1889-1893 _1840-1917 Miller, [George] William US admin.; Secy. of Treasury 1979-1981 _1925-- Miller, Zell Bryan US polit.; gov. of Georgia 1991-- _1932-- Millerand, Alexandre Fr. polit.; pres. of France 1920-1924 _1859-1943 Milles, Carl (orig. Wilhelm Carl Emil Andersson) Swed. sculptor _1875-1955 Millet, Jean Francois Fr. painter of peasants; co-founder of Barbizon school _1814-1875 Millikan, Robert Andrews US phys.; demonstrated quantization of electric charge & determined charge of electron; de facto pres. of California Institute of Technology 1921-1945; discovered cosmic rays 1925; NP Phys. 1923 _1868-1953 Milliken, William Grawn US polit.; gov. of Michigan 1969-1983 _1922-- Mills, Ogden Livingston US lawyer; Secy. of Treasury 1932-1933 _1884-1937 Mills, Robert US architect; designed Washington Monument _1781-1855 Mills, Wilbur Daigh US polit.; chairman of House Ways & Means Committee 1958-1975 _1909-1992 Milman, Henry Hart Eng. historian & poet _1791-1868 Milne, Alan Alexander (A. A. Milne) Eng. juvenile aut.; created character Winnie the Pooh; wrote novels "Winnie-the-Pooh" 1926, "The House at Pooh Corner" 1928, verse collection "Now We Are Six" 1927 _1882-1956 Milne, John Eng. inventor & seismologist; invented 1st modern seismograph 1880 _1850-1913 Milne, Joshua Eng. actuary _1776-1851 Milner, Alfred, Sir (Viscount Milner) Brit. (Ger.-born) polit. in S. Africa; gov. of Cape Colony 1897-1898, 1899-1901; 1st Brit. gov. of Orange River Colony 1902-1905; 1st Brit. gov. of Transvaal 1902 _1854-1925 Milnor, John Willard US math.; proved existence of differential manifolds homeomorphic to seven-sphere but not diffeomorphic to it; Fields Medal 1962 _1931-- Milo of Croton (also Milon of Crotona) Gk. wrestler; killed by wolves _5XXb Milosevic, Slobodan Serbian Yugoslavian polit.; 1st pres. of Serbia 1989-- _1941-- Milosz, Czeslaw US-Pol. (Lithuanian-born) aut.; NP Lit. 1980 _1911-- Milstein, Cesar Brit. (Argentine-born) immunologist; NP Med. 1984 _1927-- Miltiades (the Younger) Gk. gen. of Athens _554b?-489b? Miltiades (also Melchiades, Milziadus) African saint & pope 311-314 _2XX-314 Milton, John Eng. poet _1608-1674 Milton, John US polit.; gov. of Florida 1861-1865 _1807-1865 Milyukov, Pavel Nikolayevich Rus. historian & polit. _1859-1943 Minami, Jiro Japanese gen.; Japanese gov-gen. of Korea 1936-1942 _1874-1957 Minasy, Arthur John US inventor; invented anti-theft magnetic strips 1966 _1925-1994 Mindszenty, Jozsef (orig. Jozsef Pehm) Hung. cardinal & dissident _1892-1975 Minghetti, Marco It. polit.; prime min. of Italy 1863-1864, 1873-1876 _1818-1886 Mingo, Norman US cartoonist; created Alfred E. Neuman _1896-1980 Minkowski, Hermann Ger. math. & phys.; laid mathematical basis for relativity _1864-1909 Minnelli, Liza May US actress & singer; daughter of Judy Garland _1946-- Minnelli, Vincente US movie director; husband of Judy Garland 1945; divorced 1952; father of Liza Minnelli _1913-1986 Minot, George Richards US physician; NP Med. 1934 _1885-1950 Minsky, Marvin Lee US computer sci. & cognitive sci.; pioneer of artificial intelligence _1927-- Minto, Gilbert Elliot Murray Kynynmound (Earl of Minto) Brit. admin. in India; gov-gen. of Brit. E. India Co. 1807-1813 _1751-1814 Minto, Gilbert John Elliot-Murray-Kynynmond, Earl of Eng. colonial admin.; gov-gen. of Canada 1898-1904; viceroy of India 1905-1910 _1847-1914 Mintoff, Dominic (Dom) Maltese polit.; prime min. of Malta 1955-1958, 1971-1984 _1916-- Minton, Sherman US jurist; Senate majority whip 1939-1941; Supr. Ct. justice 1949-1956 _1890-1965 Minuit, Peter (also Pieter Minnewit) Dutch colonial admin. in America; bought Manhattan 1626 _1580-1638 Mirabeau, Honore Gabriel Riqueti, Comte de Fr. orator & revolutionary _1749-1791 Miranda, Carmen Brazilian actress, dancer, & singer _1913-1955 Miranda, Ernesto US criminal; successful plaintiff in court case Miranda v. Arizona 1966; murdered _1940?-1976 Miriani, Louis US polit.; mayor of Detroit 1957-1962 _1897?-1987 Miro, Joan Sp. Catalan Surrealist painter _1893-1983 Mishima, Yukio (pseud. of Hiraoka Kimitake) Japanese aut.; wrote novels "Confessions of a Mask" 1949, "The Temple of the Golden Pavilion" 1956, tetralogy "Sea of Fertility" 1965-1970; founded Shield Society 1968; suicide _1925-1970 Mistral, Frederic Fr. Provencal poet; NP Lit. 1904 _1830-1914 Mistral, Gabriela (orig. Lucilla Godoy de Alcayaga) Chilean poet; NP Lit. 1945 _1889-1957 Mitchel, John Purroy US polit.; mayor of New York City 1914-1918 _1879-1918 Mitchell, George John US judge & Dem. polit.; Senator from Maine 1980--; Senate majority leader 1989-- _1933-- Mitchell, Henry Laurens US polit.; gov. of Florida 1893-1897 _1831-1903 Mitchell, Howard US cellist & conductor; conducted National Symphony Orchestra 1949-1970 _1911-1988 Mitchell, James St. Vincentian polit.; prime min. of St. Vincent & the Grenadines 1984-- _1931-- Mitchell, James Paul US admin.; Secy. of Labor 1953-1961 _1900-1964 Mitchell, John US labor leader; pres. of United Mine Workers of America 1898-1908 _1870-1919 Mitchell, John Newton US lawyer; Atty. Gen. 1969-1972 _1913-1988 Mitchell, Margaret (Peggy Marsh) US nov.; wrote novel "Gone With the Wind" _1900-1949 Mitchell, Maria US astronomer _1818-1889 Mitchell, Peter Dennis Brit. chem.; NP Chem. 1978 _1920-- Mitchell, William (Billy) US (Fr.-born) gen.; court-martialed as outspoken air power advocate _1879-1936 Mitchell, William De Witt US lawyer; Atty. Gen. 1929-1933; 1st admin. of Small Business Administration 1953-1954 _1874-1955 Mitford, Mary Russell Eng. dram. & nov. _1787-1855 Mitford, William Eng. historian _1744-1827 Mithridates VI Eupator (Mithridates the Great; also Mithradates VI) king of Pontus 120b-063b; suicide _1XXb-063b Mitre, Bartolome Argentine polit.; pres. of Argentina 1862-1868; 1st pres. of Argentine Rep. _1821-1906 Mitropoulos, Dimitri US (Gk.-born) conductor _1896-1960 Mitsotakis, Konstantinos Gk. polit.; prime min. of Greece 1990-1993 _1918-- Mitsui, Tatakoshi Japanese financier & merchant; founder & eponym of Mitsui 1673 _1622-1694 Mittag, Gunter (also Guenter Mittag) E. Ger. Communist polit. & economic admin. _1926-1994 Mittag-Leffler, Magnus Gustav (Gosta) Swed. math.; possibly eloped with Alfred Nobel's fiancee, preventing establishment of Nobel Prize in mathematics _1846-1927 Mitterrand, Francois Maurice Marie Fr. polit.; pres. of France 1981-- _1916-- Mix, Thomas Hezikiah (Tom) US silent movie actor in westerns; died in automobile accident _1880-1940 Mixon, John Wayne US polit.; gov. of Florida 1987 _1922-- Miyamoto, Musashi (orig. Masana Miyamoto) Japanese aut., duelist, & samurai warrior; wrote "The Book of Five Rings" 1643 (also "Go-rin no sho", "The Book of Five Spheres") _1584-1645 Miyazawa, Kiichi Japanese polit.; Japanese foreign minister 1974-1976; Japanese finance minister 1986-1988; prime min. of Japan 1991-1993 _1919-- Mizoguchi, Kenji Japanese movie director; directed movies "Osaka Elegy" 1936, "Sisters of the Gion" 1936, "The Story of the Last Chrysanthemum" 1939 _1898-1956 Mladic, Ratko Serbian Yugoslavian gen.; leader of Serbian forces in Bosnia 1992-- _1943-- Moawad, Rene Anis Lebanese polit.; pres. of Lebanon 1989; assassinated _1925-1989 Mobius, August Ferdinand (also August Moebius) Ger. math.; discoverer & eponym of Mobius strip _1790-1868 Mobutu Sese Seko [Kuku Ngbendu Wa Za Banga] (orig. Joseph Desire Mobutu) Kinshasa-Congolese & Zairian dictator, gen., & polit.; pres. of Zaire 1965-- (orig. Kinshasa-Congo before 1971); prime min. of Zaire 1966-1977 _1930-- Modigliani, Amedeo It. painter _1884-1920 Modigliani, Franco US (It.-born) economist; NP Econ. 1985 _1918-- Modise, Johannes (Joe) S. African black polit.; helped found Umkhonto we Sizwe; S. African defense minister 1994-- _1929-- Modjeska, Helena (orig. Modrzejewska; nee Opid) US (Pol.-born) actress _1840-1909 Modrow, Hans E. Ger. Communist polit.; last chancellor of E. Germany 1989-1990 _1928-- Moeller, Henry US archbishop; archbishop of Cincinnati 1904-1925 _1849-1925 Moeller van den Bruck, Arthur Ger. cultural critic & historian; wrote 8-volume "The Germans" 1904-1910, "Das Dritte Reich" 1923 (also "The Third Reich"; coined phrase "the Third Reich"); suicide _1876-1925 Moeran, Ernest John Brit. composer; composed "Lonely Waters", "Songs of Springtime", "G Minor Symphony" 1937 _1894-1950 Moffat, Howard Unwin S. Rhodesian polit.; prime min. of S. Rhodesia 1927-1933 _1869-1951 Mohl, Hugo von Ger. botanist _1805-1872 Moholy-Nagy, Laszlo US (Hung.-born) artist _1895-1946 Mohorovicic, Andrija Yugoslavian Croatian geologist; discoverer & eponym of Mohorovicic discontinuity 1909 _1857-1936 Mohr, Georg Danish math.; proved compass sufficient for all Euclidean constructions 1672 _1640-1697 Mohr, Joseph Aus. clergyman; wrote song "Stille Nacht, Heilige Nacht" 1818 (also "Silent Night") _1787-1863 Mohs, Friedrich Ger. mineralogist; eponym of Mohs hardness scale _1773-1839 Moi, Daniel arap Kenyan dictator & polit.; pres. of Kenya 1978-- _1924-- Moissan, [Ferdinand Frederick] Henri Fr. chem.; NP Chem. 1906 _1852-1907 Molas [Lopez], Felipe Paraguayan polit.; pres. of Paraguay 1949 _1900-1954 Molay, Jacques de Fr. knight; last grand master of Knights Templar 1297-1314; executed _1243?-1314 Moley, Raymond Charles US journalist & advisor to Franklin Roosevelt; coined phrase "New Deal" _1886-1975 Moliere (pseud. of Jean Baptiste Poquelin) Fr. actor & comic dram.; wrote plays "Tartuffe" 1664, "The Misanthrope" 1666, "The Physician in Spite of Himself" 1666, "The Miser" 1668, "The Imaginary Invalid" 1673 _1622-1673 Molina, Louis Sp. Jesuit theol. _1535-1600 Mollet, Guy Fr. polit.; prime min. of France 1956-1957 _1905-1975 Molnar, Ferenc Hung. dram. & nov. _1878-1952 Molotov, Vyacheslav Mikhailovich (orig. Vyacheslav Skriabin) Rus. Soviet Communist polit.; premier of Soviet Union 1930-1941; Soviet foreign minister 1939-1949, 1953-1956 _1890-1986 Molteno, John Charles, Sir Brit. admin. in S. Africa; 1st premier of Cape Colony 1872-1878 _1814-1886 Moltke, Adam Wilhelm, Count Danish polit.; 1st prime min. of Denmark 1848-1852 _1785-1864 Moltke, Helmuth Karl Bernhard, Graf von Prussian marshal; victorious in Austro-Prussian & Franco-Prussian Wars _1800-1891 Mommsen, [Christian Matthias] Theodor Ger. aut., historian, & classical scholar; wrote 4-volume "History of Rome" 1854-1856, 1885, "History of Roman Coinage" 1860; NP Lit. 1902 _1817-1903 Momoh, Joseph Saidu Sierra Leone gen. & polit.; pres. of Sierra Leone 1985-1992; overthrown _1937-- Monck, George (also George Monk) Eng. gen. _1608-1670 Monash, John, Sir Austr. gen. in World War I _1865-1931 Monck, Charles Stanley, Viscount Brit. admin. in Canada; gov-gen. of Canada 1861-1869; 1st gov-gen. of independent Canada 1867 _1819-1894 Monckton-Arundell, George Vere Arundell (Viscount Galway) Brit. polit.; gov-gen. of New Zealand 1935-1941 _1882-1943 Mondale, Walter Frederick (Fritz) US diplomat & Dem. polit.; Senator from Minnesota 1964-1977; vice-pres. of US 1977-1981; Dem. vice-pres. cand. 1980; Dem. pres. cand. 1984; US ambassador to Japan 1993-- _1928-- Mondell, Franklin Wheeler US polit.; House majority leader 1919-1923 _1860-1939 Mondrian, Piet (also Pieter Cornelis Mondriaan) Dutch Abstractionist painter; member of di Stijl _1872-1944 Monet, Claude Fr. Impressionist painter _1840-1926 Moneta, Ernesto Teodoro It. editor, historian, pacifist, & soldier; wrote "War, Rebellion, and Peace in the Nineteenth Century" 1903 (also "Le Guerre, le Insurrezioni, e la Pace nel Secolo XIX"); NP Peace 1907 _1833-1918 Monge, Gaspard Fr. math. _1746-1818 Monge [Alvarez], Luis Alberto Costa Rican polit.; pres. of Costa Rica 1982-1986 _1925-- Mongka Khan ruler of Mongol Empire 1251-1259; son of Ogdai Khan _1209-1259 Monica Carthaginian saint; mother of Augustine; patron saint of mothers _332-387 Monk, Thelonious Sphere (orig. Thelious Junior Monk) US jazz musician, composer, & pianist; developer of bebop _1920?-1982 Monmouth, James Scott, Duke of (James Fitzroy, James Crofts; the Protestant Duke) Eng. (Dutch-born) pretender & rebel; executed; illegitimate son of Charles II _1649-1685 Monnet, Jean Omer Marie Gabriel Fr. admin., diplomat, & economist; advocated European unity _1888-1979 Monod, Jacques Lucien Fr. biochem.; NP Med. 1965 _1910-1976 Monroe, Elizabeth (nee Kortright) US wife of James Monroe 1786 _1768-1830 Monroe, Harriet US editor & poet _1860-1936 Monroe, James US diplomat & polit.; gov. of Virginia 1799-1802, 1811; Secy. of State 1811-1817; Secy. of War 1814-1815; 5th pres. of US 1817-1825 _1758-1831 Monroe, Marilyn (orig. Norma Jean Baker, nee Mortenson) US actress; wife of Joe DiMaggio 1954; divorced 1954; wife of Arthur Miller 1956; divorced 1961 _1926-1962 Montagna, Bartolommeo It. painter _1450?-1523 Montagnier, Luc Fr. virologist; discovered AIDS virus HIV _1932-- Montagu, John (Jemmy Twitcher; Earl of Sandwich) Eng. diplomat & polit.; invented sandwich; source of word "sandwich" _1718-1792 Montagu, Mary Wortley, Lady Eng. letter aut. & poet _1689-1762 Montague, Andrew Jackson US polit.; gov. of Virginia 1902-1906 _1862-1937 Montaigne, Michel Eyquem de Fr. essayist _1533-1592 Montale, Eugenio It. critic & poet; NP Lit. 1975 _1896-1981 Montana, Joseph Jr. (Joe) US football player; quarterback for San Francisco 49ers 1979-1993; quarterback for Kansas City Chiefs 1993--; only three-time Super Bowl MVP 1982, 1985, 1990 _1956-- Montana, Robert (Bob) US cartoonist; created Archie _1920-1975 Montand, Yves (orig. Ivo Livi) Fr. (It.-born) movie actor & singer _1921-1991 Montcalm [de Saint-Veran], Marquis de (Louis Joseph de Montcalm-Grozen) Fr. marshal in Canada; defeated & killed at battle of Quebec 1759 _1712-1759 Monteiro, Antonio Mascarenhas Cape Verdean polit.; pres. of Cape Verde 1991-- _19XX-- Montero [Rodriguez], Juan Esteban Chilean polit.; acting pres. of Chile 1931, 1931-1932 _1879-1948 Montes, Ismael Bolivian gen. & polit.; pres. of Bolivia 1904-1909, 1913-1917 _1861-1933 Montespan, Marquise Francoise Athenais de (nee Rochechouart) Fr. mistress of Louis XIV _1641-1707 Montesquieu, Charles Louis de Secondat, Baron [de La Brede et] de Fr. lawyer & political philos.; developed concept of checks & balances; wrote "The Spirit of the Laws" 1748 _1689-1755 Montessori, Maria It. educator & physician _1870-1952 Monteux, Pierre US (Fr.-born) conductor _1875-1964 Monteverde, Giulio It. Naturalist sculptor _1837-1917 Monteverdi, Claudio It. operatic composer; composed operas "Orfeo" 1607, "The Return of Ulysses" 1641 (also "Il Ritorno d'Ulisse"), "The Coronation of Poppaea" 1642 (also "L'Incoronazione di Poppea") _1567-1643 Montez, Lola (Marie Dolores Porris y Montez; also Lola Montes; orig. Marie Dolores Eliza Rosanna Gilbert) Irish adventuress & dancer; mistress of Louis I of Bavaria, popular outrage prompting revolt against Louis I 1848 _1818?-1861 Montezuma I (also Moctezuma, Motecuhzoma) Aztec emperor 1436?-1464? _1390?-1464? Montezuma II (also Moctezuma, Motecuhzoma) last Aztec emperor 1502-1520 _1480?-1520 Montfaucon, Bernard de Fr. Benedictine monk & scholar _1655-1741 Montfort, Eugene Fr. nov. _1877-1936 Montfort, Simon de (Earl of Leicester) Eng. polit. & soldier _1208?-1265 Montgelas, Max, Count von Bavarian gen. & polit.; grandson of Maximilian Montgelas _1860-1938 Montgelas, Maximilian Joseph, Count von Bavarian polit.; prime min. of Bavaria 1799-1817; Bavarian finance minister 1803-1806, 1809-1817 _1759-1838 Montgolfier, Jacques Etienne Fr. balloon aviator & inventor; brother of Joseph Montgolfier _1745-1799 Montgolfier, Joseph Michel Fr. balloon aviator & inventor; brother of Jacques Montgolfier _1740-1810 Montgomery, Bernard Law (Monty; Viscount Montgomery of Alamein) Brit. gen.; won victory at El Alamein in World War II 1942; helped plan Normandy invasion _1887-1976 Montgomery, Gabriel, Comte de Fr. army officer _1530?-1574 Montgomery, James Brit. editor & poet _1771-1854 Montgomery, Richard US gen. in American Revolution _1736-1775 Montgomery, Robert Eng. poet _1807-1855 Montgomery-Massingberd, Archibald Armar, Sir Brit. marshal & soldier _1871-1947 Montholon, Charles Tristan, Comte de Fr. soldier under Napoleon _1783-1853 Monti, Vincenzo It. poet _1754-1828 Monticelli, Adolphe Joseph Thomas Fr. painter _1824-1886 Montresor, James Gabriel Brit. military engineer _1702-1776 Montreuil, Gerbert de Fr. poet _12XX Montt, Jorge Chilean naval officer & polit.; pres. of Chile 1891-1896 _1847-1922 Montt [Montt], Pedro Chilean polit.; pres. of Chile 1906-1910; son of Manuel Montt _1848-1910 Montt [y Torres], Manuel Chilean polit.; pres. of Chile 1851-1861 _1809-1880 Montyon, Baron Jean Baptiste Antoine Auget de Fr. philanthropist _1733-1820 Monvel (pseud. of Jacques Marie Boutet) Fr. actor & comic dram. _1745-1812 Monypenny, William Flavelle Brit. journalist _1866-1912 Monzie, Anatole de Fr. admin., encyclopedist, polit., & scholar _1876-1947 Moody, Daniel US polit.; gov. of Texas 1927-1931 _1893-1966 Moody, Dwight Lyman US evangelist _1837-1899 Moody, John US financial analyst _1868-1958 Moody, Paul US textile machinery inventor _1779-1831 Moody, Paul Dwight US Presbyterian clergyman; son of Dwight Moody _1879-1947 Moody, William Henry US polit.; Secy. of Navy 1902-1904; Atty. Gen. 1904-1906; Supr. Ct. justice 1906-1910 _1853-1917 Moody, William Vaughn US dram. & poet _1869-1910 Mook, Hubertus Johannes van Dutch admin. in E. Indies _1895-1965 Moon, Keith Eng. rock drummer & musician; member of the Who _1946-1978 Moon, Parker Thomas US educator & political sci. _1892-1936 Moon, Sun Myung Korean cult leader in US; founded Unification Church 1954 (also Moonies); founded newspaper Washington Times 1982 _1920-- Moon, William Eng. inventor of embossed type for the blind _1818-1894 Mooney, Edward US cardinal 1946; archbishop of Detroit 1937-1946 _1882-1958 Mooney, James US ethnologist _1861-1921 Mooney, Thomas Joseph US labor leader _1882-1942 Moor, Karel de Dutch etcher & painter _1656-1738 Moorcock, Michael John Eng. fantasy & science fiction aut.; wrote Elric series, novel "Mother London" 1988 _1939-- Moore, Addison Webster US Pragmatist philos. _1866-1930 Moore, Alexander Pollock US diplomat & editor _1867-1930 Moore, Alfred US jurist; Supr. Ct. justice 1799-1804 _1755-1810 Moore, Archie (orig. Archibald Lee Wright) US boxer; light-heavyweight boxing champion 1952-1962 _1913-- Moore, Benjamin US Episcopal clergyman; father of Clement Moore _1748-1816 Moore, Charles Willard US Post-modernist architect _1925-1993 Moore, Clement Clarke US lexicographer, poet, & songwriter; wrote poem "A Visit from St. Nicholas" 1822 _1779-1863 Moore, Daniel McFarlan US electrical engineer & inventor _1869-1926 Moore, Demi (orig. Demi Guynes) US movie actress; starred in movies "The Seventh Sign" 1988, "Ghost" 1990, "A Few Good Men" 1992, "Indecent Proposal" 1993, "Disclosure" 1994; wife of Bruce Willis 1987 _1962-- Moore, Dudley Stuart John Eng. movie actor & musician _1935-- Moore, Edward Eng. dram. _1712-1757 Moore, Edward (the Oxford Dante) Brit. scholar of Dante _1835-1916 Moore, Eva Eng. actress _1870-1955 Moore, Frank Frankfort Brit. dram., nov., & poet _1855-1931 Moore, Garry (orig. Thomas Garrison Morfit) US television host; hosted shows "The Garry Moore Show" 1950-1964, 1966-1967, "I've Got a Secret" 1952-1964, "To Tell the Truth" 1969-1976 _1915-1993 Moore, George Augustus Irish nov. _1852-1933 Moore, George Edward Eng. philos. _1873-1958 Moore, George Thomas US botanist _1871-1956 Moore, Henry, Sir Eng. colonial gov. of New York _1765-1769 Moore, Henry Brit. sculptor _1898-1986 Moore, John Brit. prelate; archbishop of Canterbury 1783-1805 _1733-1805 Moore, John, Sir Brit. gen. _1761-1809 Moore, John Bassett US international jurist _1860-1947 Moore, Marianne Craig US poet _1887-1972 Moore, Mary Tyler US television actress; starred in series "The Dick Van Dyke Show" 1961-1966, "The Mary Tyler Moore Show" 1970-1977 _1936-- Moore, Roger George Eng. actor; starred in series "The Saint" 1967-1969; portrayed James Bond _1927-- Moore, Sara Jane US attempted assassin of Gerald Ford 1975 _1930-- Moore, Stanford US biochem.; NP Chem. 1972 _1913-1982 Moore, Thomas (pseud. Thomas Little, Thomas Brown) Irish poet _1779-1852 Moore, Veranus Alva US bacteriologist & pathologist _1859-1931 Moore, Zephaniah Swift US Congregational clergyman & educator; pres. of Williams College 1815-1821 _1770-1823 Moorer, Thomas Hinman US adm.; chief of naval operations 1967-1970; chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff 1970-1974 _1912-- Mora [Otero], Jose Antonio Uruguayan diplomat; secy-gen. of Organization of American States 1956-1968 (OAS) _1897-1975 Moraes, Francisco de Port. aut. _1500?-1572 Moraes [y Barros], Prudente Jose de (also Prudente de Morais y Barros) Brazilian polit.; 1st civilian pres. of Brazil 1894-1896, 1897-1898 _1841-1902 Morales, Luis de (El Divino) Sp. religious painter _1510?-1586 Moranis, Rick US (Can.-born) movie actor _1953-- Morant, Robert Laurie, Sir Eng. admin. & educator _1863-1920 Moratin, Nicolas Fernandez de Sp. dram. & poet _1737-1780 Moravcik, Jozef Slovakian diplomat & polit.; prime min. of Slovakia 1994-- _1945?-- Morazan, Francisco Honduran gen. & polit.; pres. of United States of Central America 1830-1834, 1835-1839 _1799-1842 Mordacq, Jean Jules Henri Fr. gen. _1868-1943 Mordaunt, Charles Eng. naval officer & polit. _1658-1735 Mordaunt, Elinor (orig. Evelyn May Clowes) Eng. aut. & traveler _1877-1942 Mordkin, Mikhail Rus. ballet dancer _1882?-1944 More, Anthony, Sir (also Antonio Moro, Anthonis Mor) Flemish portrait painter _1512?-1576? More, Hannah Eng. religious aut. _1745-1833 More, Henry Eng. philos. _1614-1687 More, Paul Elmer US critic & essayist _1864-1937 More, Thomas, Sir Eng. aut., courtier, humanist, & saint; wrote "Utopia" 1516; executed for refusal to accept Henry VIII as head of Church of England; patron saint of lawyers; canonized 1935 _1478-1535 Moreau, Gustave Fr. Symbolist painter _1826-1898 Moreau, Jean Victor Fr. soldier _1763-1813 Moreau de Saint-Mery, Mederic Louis Elie Fr. historian & lawyer _1750-1819 Moreira [da Costa Ribeiro], Delfim Brazilian polit.; acting pres. of Brazil 1918-1919 _1868-1920 Moreira [Pena], Afonso Augusto Brazilian polit.; pres. of Brazil 1906-1909 _1847-1909 Morelli, Giovanni (pseud. Ivan Lermoliev) It. art critic & polit. _1816-1891 Morelos y Pavon, Jose Maria Mex. patriot, priest, & revolutionary _1765-1815 Moreno, Rita (orig. Rosa Dolores Alverio) US actress & singer _1931-- Morenz, Howard (Howie) Can. hockey player _1902-1937 Moresby, Fairfax, Sir Eng. adm. _1786-1877 Morgan, Arthur Ernest US admin. & educator; pres. of Antioch College 1920-1936; 1st chairman of Tennessee Valley Authority 1933-1938 (TVA) _1878-1975 Morgan, Charles US railroad & shipping magnate _1795-1878 Morgan, Charles Langbridge Eng. dramatic critic & nov. _1894-1958 Morgan, Conway Lloyd Eng. psychologist & zoologist _1852-1936 Morgan, Daniel US soldier in American Revolution _1736-1802 Morgan, Edwin Dennison US polit.; gov. of New York 1859-1863; 1st chairman of Rep. National Committee 1856-1864, 1872-1876 _1811-1883 Morgan, Henry, Sir Brit. pirate _1635?-1688 Morgan, John Pierpont (J. P. Morgan) US financier & steel industrialist; co-founded U.S. Steel Corp. 1901; chairman of U.S. Steel Corp. 1927-1932 _1837-1913 Morgan, Junius Spencer US banker & financier; father of John Pierpont Morgan _1813-1890 Morgan, Justin US horse breeder; developer & eponym of Morgan horse _1748-1798 Morgan, Thomas Hunt US geneticist & zoologist; NP Med. 1933 _1866-1945 Morgan, William US Freemason; disappeared & allegedly murdered while writing expose of Freemasonry _1774?-1826? Morgan, William Wilson US astronomer; demonstrated double-spiral structure of Milky Way galaxy _1906-1994 Morgenstern, Oskar US (Ger.-born) economist; applied game theory to business; co-wrote "Theory of Games and Economic Behavior" 1944 with John von Neumann _1902-1977 Morgenthau, Hans Joachim US (Ger.-born) political sci. _1904-1980 Morgenthau, Henry US (Ger.-born) diplomat; father of Henry Morgenthau Jr. _1856-1946 Morgenthau, Henry Jr. US admin.; Secy. of Treasury 1934-1945 _1891-1967 Morial, Ernest Nathan (Dutch) US polit.; 1st black mayor of New Orleans 1978-1986 _1929-1989 Morinigo, Higinio Paraguayan dictator, gen., & polit.; pres. of Paraguay 1940-1948 _1897-1985 Morison, Robert Scot. botanist _1620-1683 Morison, Samuel Eliot US historian _1887-1976 Morita, Akio Japanese electronics industrialist; co-founded Sony Corp. 1946; pres. of Sony Corp. 1971-1976; CEO of Sony Corp. 1976-1989; chairman of Sony Corp. 1976--; co-wrote "The Japan That Can Say No" 1989 _1921-- Moritz, Karl Philipp Ger. aut. _1757-1793 Morlacchi, Francesco It. composer _1784-1841 Morley, Christopher Darlington US aut. & journalist _1890-1957 Morley, Edward Williams US chem. & phys.; collaborator with Albert Michelson _1838-1923 Moro, Aldo It. polit.; prime min. of Italy 1963-1968, 1974-1976; It. foreign minister 1964-1965, 1965-1966, 1969-1972, 1973-1974; kidnapped & murdered _1916-1978 Morozov, Pavel Trofimovich (Pavlik Morozov) Rus. Soviet Communist martyr & patriot; denounced father for subverting Communism; murdered by townspeople _1918-1932 Morphy, Paul Charles US chess player _1837-1884 Morrice, James Wilson Can. landscape painter _1865-1924 Morrill, Justin Smith (Father of the Senate) US polit.; sponsor & eponym of Morrill Land-Grant College Act 1862 _1810-1898 Morrill, Lot Myrick US polit.; gov. of Maine 1858-1861; Secy. of Treasury 1876-1877 _1812-1883 Morris, Charles US naval admin. & officer _1784-1856 Morris, Edward Patrick Can. jurist & polit. _1858-1935 Morris, Esther McQuigg Slack US admin. & suffragist; 1st female US justice of the peace _1814-1902 Morris, Glenn US track athlete; won gold medal in Olympic decathlon 1936 _1912-1973 Morris, Gouverneur US diplomat & polit. in American Revolution _1752-1816 Morris, Lewis American lawyer; grandfather of Gouverneur Morris _1671-1746 Morris, Lewis US colonial leader; brother of Gouverneur Morris _1726-1798 Morris, Michael Irish lawyer & polit. _1826-1901 Morris, Robert US financier & polit. in American Revolution _1734-1806 Morris, Roland Sletor US diplomat _1874-1945 Morris, William Eng. artist & poet _1834-1896 Morris-Jones, John, Sir Welsh grammarian & poet _1864-1929 Morrison, de Lesseps Story US polit.; mayor of New Orleans 1946-1961; US ambassador to Organization of American States 1961-1963 (OAS) _1912-1964 Morrison, Herbert Stanley (Baron of Lambeth) Eng. labor leader & polit.; Brit. foreign secy. 1951 _1888-1965 Morrison, James Douglas (Jim) US rock singer; member of the Doors _1943-1971 Morrison, Robert Scot. missionary; 1st Protestant missionary to China _1782-1834 Morrison, Toni (orig. Chloe Anthony Wofford) US nov.; wrote novels "The Bluest Eye" 1970, "Sula" 1974, "Song of Solomon" 1977, "Tar Baby" 1983, "Beloved" 1987, "Jazz" 1992; NP Lit. 1993 _1931-- Morrison, William Shepherd Brit. polit.; gov-gen. of Australia 1959-1961 _1893-1961 Morse, Jedidiah US clergyman & geographer; father of Samuel Morse _1761-1826 Morse, Samuel Finley Breese US inventor & painter; popularized telegraph _1791-1872 Morse, Sidney Edwards US inventor; brother of Samuel Morse _1794-1871 Morse, Wayne Lyman (the Lone Ranger) US polit.; Senator from Oregon 1945-1969; opposed Vietnam War _1900-1974 Mortier, Edouard Adolphe Casimir Joseph Fr. marshal under Napoleon; prime min. of France 1834-1835 _1768-1835 Morton, John Eng. polit. & prelate; archbishop of Canterbury 1486-1500 _1420?-1500 Morton, Joseph Ferdinand (Jelly Roll Morton) US jazz composer, pianist, & singer _1885-1941 Morton, Julius Sterling US agriculturist; originator of Arbor Day 1872; Secy. of Agriculture 1893-1897 _1832-1902 Morton, Levi Parsons US polit.; vice-pres. of US 1889-1893; gov. of New York 1895-1897 _1824-1920 Morton, Marcus US polit.; gov. of Massachusetts 1825, 1840-1841, 1843-1844 _1784-1864 Morton, Oliver [Hazard] Perry [Throck] US polit. _1823-1877 Morton, Paul US businessman; Secy. of Navy 1904-1905; son of Julius Sterling Morton _1857-1911 Morton, Rogers Clark Ballard US Rep. polit.; chairman of Rep. National Committee 1969-1971; Secy. of Interior 1971-1975; Secy. of Commerce 1975 _1914-1979 Morton, Thomas Eng. comic dram. _1764-1838 Morton, Thurston Ballard US polit.; chairman of Rep. National Committee 1959-1961; brother of Rogers Clark Ballard Morton _1907-1982 Morton, William Thomas Green US dentist; performed 1st operation with anesthetics 1846 _1819-1868 Mosander, Carl Gustav Swed. chem.; discovered elements lanthanum, erbium, terbium _1797-1858 Mosbacher, Robert Adam US businessman; Secy. of Commerce 1989-1992 _1927-- Mosby, John Singleton US-Confederate lawyer & soldier _1833-1916 Moscheles, Ignaz Bohemian composer & piano virtuoso _1794-1870 Moschion Gk. obstetrician & physician _1XX Moscicki, Ignacy Pol. polit.; pres. of Poland 1926-1939 _1867-1946 Moscone, George Richard US polit.; mayor of San Francisco 1976-1978; assassinated _1929-1978 Mosconi, William (Willie) US billiards player _1913-1993 Moseley, Henry Gwyn-Jeffreys Eng. phys.; established concept of atomic number; killed in battle of Gallipoli in World War I _1887-1915 Moseley, William Dunn US polit.; 1st US gov. of Florida 1845-1849 _1795-1863 Moseley Braun, Carol Elizabeth US Dem. polit.; Senator from Illinois 1993-- _1947-- Mosen, Julius Ger. dram., nov., & poet _1803-1867 Moser, Johann Jakob Ger. jurist _1701-1785 Moses Jewish lawgiver & prophet; led Hebrew exodus from Egypt 1290b? _13XXb-12XXb Moses of Chorene (also Khorene) Armenian scholar _4XX Moses, Anna Mary (nee Robertson; Grandma Moses) US folk painter _1860-1961 Moses, Edwin Corley US track athlete _1955-- Moses, George Higgins US diplomat & polit.; pres. pro tempore of Senate 1925-1933 _1869-1944 Moshoeshoe II (Constantine Bereng Seeiso Moshoeshoe) king of Lesotho 1940-1990; 1st head of state of independent Lesotho 1966-1970; deposed; son of Seeiso _1938-- Mosley, Oswald Ernald, Sir Brit. Fascist polit. _1896-1980 Mosley, Walter US mystery nov.; created character Easy Rawlins; wrote novels "Devil in a Blue Dress" 1990, "A Red Death" 1991, "White Butterfly" 1992, "Black Betty" 1994 _1952-- Mosquera [y Arboleda], Tomas Cipriano de Colombian gen. & polit.; 1st pres. of Colombia 1863-1864, 1866-1867 _1798-1878 Mossadegh, Mohammed (also Muhammad Musaddiq) Iranian dictator & polit.; prime min. of Iran 1951-1953; deposed _1880-1967 Mossbauer, Rudolf Ludwig (also Rudolf Moessbauer) Ger. phys.; discoverer & eponym of Mossbauer effect; NP Phys. 1961 _1929-- Mostel, Zero (orig. Samuel Joel Mostel) US actor & singer _1915-1977 Mota Pinto, Carlos Port. polot.; interim prime min. of Portugal 1978-1979 _1936-1985 Motherwell, Robert Burns US Abstract Expressionist painter _1915-1991 Mo Ti (also Mo-tzu, Meh-tzu, Micius) Chinese philos.; founded Moism _4XXb-3XXb Motley, John Lothrop US historian _1814-1877 Motono, Ichiro Japanese diplomat; Japanese foreign minister 1916-1918 _1862-1918 Mott, James US abolitionist; husband of Lucretia Mott _1788-1868 Mott, John Raleigh US admin. of YMCA; NP Peace 1946 _1865-1955 Mott, Nevill Francis, Sir Brit. phys.; NP Phys. 1977 _1905-- Mott, Lucretia (nee Coffin) US Quaker abolitionist, feminist, & suffragist; co-organizer of Seneca Falls Convention 1848 with Elizabeth Cady Stanton _1793-1880 Motta, Giuseppe Swi. lawyer & polit.; pres. of Switzerland 1915, 1920, 1927, 1932, 1937 _1871-1940 Mottelson, Benjamin Roy Danish (US-born) phys.; NP Phys. 1975 _1926-- Moulton, Forest Ray US astronomer _1872-1952 Moultrie, William US gen. in American Revolution _1730-1805 Mounier, Jean Joseph Fr. lawyer & polit. _1758-1806 Mountbatten, Louis Francis (Earl Mountbatten of Burma) Brit. adm. in S.E. Asia in World War II 1943-1946; last viceroy of India 1947; 1st independent gov-gen. of India 1947-1948; great-grandson of Victoria; assassinated _1900-1979 Moussorgsky, Modest Petrovich (also Modest Mussorgski) Rus. composer; member of The Five _1835-1881 Mowinckel, Johan Ludvik Norw. polit.; prime min. of Norway 1924-1926, 1928-1931, 1933-1935 _1870-1943 Moxon, Joseph Eng. mathematical lexicographer _1627-1700 Moyers, William Don (Bill) US broadcast journalist; White House press secretary 1965-1966 _1934-- Moynihan, Daniel Patrick US diplomat, Dem. polit., & political sci.; US ambassador to India 1973-1975; US ambassador to UN 1975-1976; Senator from New York 1977--; chairman of Senate Finance Committee 1992-- _1927-- Mozart, [Johann Georg] Leopold Aus. composer & violinist; father of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart _1719-1787 Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus (orig. Johannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart) Aus. composer & prodigy; composed operas "The Marriage of Figaro" 1786, "Don Giovanni" 1787, "Cosi Fan Tutte" 1790, "The Magic Flute" 1791 _1756-1791 Mpande Zulu chief 1840-1872; son of Senzangakhona _1789?-1872 Mphephu, Patrick Ramaono S. African-Venda polit.; 1st pres. of Venda 1973-1990; overthrown _1926-- Mswati (also Mswazi, Mavuso, Mdvuso) king of Swaziland 1840-1868; eponym of Swaziland; son of Sobhuza I _1820?-1868 Mswati III (orig. Makhosetive) king of Swaziland 1982--; ruled under regency 1982-1986; son of Sobhuza II _1968-- Muawiyah I ibn-abi-Sufyan (also Moawiyah) 1st Ommiad caliph 661-680 _6XX-680 Mubarak, [Mohammed] Hosni Egyptian polit.; pres. of Egypt 1981-- _1929-- Much, Hans Ger. aut. & physician _1880-1932 Mucha, Alphonse Marie Czechoslovakian illustrator & painter _1860-1938 Muck, Karl Ger. conductor _1859-1940 Mudd, Samuel Alexander US physician; arrested as assassination conspirator for treating John Wilkes Booth _1833-1883 Mudgett, Herman Webster (Harry Holmes) US mass murderer; murdered twenty-seven women; 1st mass murderer convicted in US; executed _18XX-1896 Mueller, Frederick Henry US admin.; Secy. of Commerce 1959-1961 _1893-1976 Muench, Aloisius Joseph US cardinal 1959; bishop of Fargo 1935-1959 _1889-1962 Muffling, Baron Karl von Prussian cartographer, diplomat, & marshal _1775-1851 Mufti, Said Pasha al- Jordanian polit.; prime min. of Jordan 19550, 1955, 1956 _1898-1989 Mugabe, Robert Gabriel Zimbabwan (S. African-born) polit.; prime min. of Zimbabwe 1980-1987; pres. of Zimbabwe 1988-- _1924-- Muhammad (also Mohammed, Mahomet; Muhammad ibn 'Abd Allah ibn 'Abd al-Muttalib) Arab conqueror, prophet, & religious leader; founder of Islam; made Hegira 622 _570-632 Muhammad I (also Mohammed I) sultan of Turkey 1413-1421 _1387-1421 Muhammad II the Great (also Mohammed II the Conqueror) sultan of Turkey 1451-1481; captured Constantinople 1453 _1430-1481 Muhammad III (also Mohammed III) sultan of Turkey 1595-1603 _1566-1603 Muhammad IV (also Mohammed IV) sultan of Turkey 1648-1687 _1641-1691 Muhammad V (also Mohammed V) sultan of Turkey 1909-1918 _1844-1918 Muhammad VI (also Mohammed VI) sultan of Turkey 1918-1922 _1861-1926 Muhammad IV (Mulai Sidi Muhammad IV) sultan of Morocco 1859-1873; son of Abd ar-Rahman _18XX-1873 Muhammad V (Mulai Sidi Muhammad V 'Amada) last sultan of Morocco 1927-1953, 1955-1957; ruled under Fr. protectorate 1927-1956; 1st king of Morocco 1957-1961; son of Yusuf _1913?-1961 Muhammad VI (Mulai Sidi Muhammad VI) sultan of Morocco 1953-1955; abdicated; ruled under Fr. protectorate 1953-1955 _1881?-1976 Muhammad Ahmed ibn-Seyyid Abdullah (also Mohammed Ahmed; the Mahdi) Sudanese revolutionary _1843?-1885 Muhammad Ali Kajar shah of Persia 1907-1909; son of Muzaffar-ed-Din _1872-1925 Muhammad Ali Pasha (also Mohammad Ali, Mehmed Ali, Mehmet Ali) Egyptian polit. & reformer; viceroy of Egypt 1805-1848 _1769-1849 Muhammad Bey III (Sidi Muhammad Bey III as-Sadiq) ruler of Tunisia 1859-1881; abdicated _1813-1882 Muhammad Bey IV (Sidi Muhammad Bey IV al-Hadi) ruler of Tunisia 1902-1906 _1855-1906 Muhammad Bey V (Sidi Muhammad Bey V an-Nasir) ruler of Tunisia 1906-1922 _1855-1922 Muhammad Bey VI (Sidi Muhammad Bey VI al-Habib bin Ma'mun) ruler of Tunisia 1922-1929 _1858-1929 Muhammad Bey VII (Sidi Muhammad Bey VII al-Munsif) ruler of Tunisia 1942-1943; deposed; son of Muhammad Bey V _1881-1948 Muhammad Bey VIII (Sidi Muhammad Bey VIII al-Amin) ruler of Tunisia 1943-1957; 1st head of state of independent Tunisia 1956-1957; deposed _1881-1962 Muhammad ibn-Abd-al-Wahab Arab religious reformer _1703?-1791 Muhammad of Ghor (also Mohammed of Ghori; orig. Mu'izz-ad-din) Persian conqueror & sultan 1171-1206 _11XX-1206 Muhammad Reza Pahlavi shah of Iran 1941-1979; son of Reza Shah Pahlavi _1919-1980 Muhammad Shah Mogul emperor of India 1719-1748; grandson of Bahadur Shah _1702-1748 Muhammad Shah Kajar king of Persia 1835-1848 _1810-1848 Muhammad Tughlak 2nd Tughlak king of Delhi 1325-1351 _13XX-1351 Muhammad, Ali Nasser S. Yemeni Communist polit.; prime min. of S. Yemen 1971-1985; pres. of S. Yemen 1980-1986; overthrown _1939-- Muhammad, Elijah (orig. Elijah Poole) US black Muslim leader; founded Nation of Islam 1931; disciple of Wallace Fard _1897-1975 Muhammad, Ghulam Pakistani (Indian-born) polit.; gov-gen. of Pakistan 1951-1955 _19XX-1956 Muhammad, Murtala Rafai Nigerian gen. & polit.; pres. of Nigeria 1975-1976; overthrown & killed _1917-1976 Muhlenberg, Frederick Augustus Conrad US polit.; 1st Speaker of the House 1789-1791, 1793-1795 _1750-1801 Muhlenberg, Heinrich Melchior US (Ger.-born) Lutheran clergyman; founded Lutheran Church in US; father of Frederick Muhlenberg _1711-1786 Muir, Edwin Scot. aut. & critic _1887-1959 Muir, John US (Scot.-born) conservationist & naturalist; founded Sierra Club _1838-1914 Muir, Malcolm US magazine industrialist; founded Business Week magazine 1929; editor-in-chief & pres. of Newsweek magazine 1937-1959 _1885-1979 Mulder, Gerardus Johannes Dutch biochem. _1802-1880 Muldoon, Robert David, Sir New Zealand polit.; prime min. of New Zealand 1975-1984 _1921-1992 Mulholland, William US (Irish-born) hydraulic engineer; designed Los Angeles water system _1855-1935 Mullen, Larry Jr. Irish rock drummer & musician; co-recorded albums "War" 1983, "The Joshua Tree" 1987, "Achtung Baby" 1991, "Zooropa" 1993; member of U2 _1961-- Mullenhoff, Karl Ger. philologist _1818-1884 Muller von Nitersdorf, Adam Heinrich Ger. political economist _1818-1884 Muller, Eduard Swi. polit.; pres. of Switzerland 1899, 1907, 1913 _1848-1919 Muller, Hermann (Hermann Muller-Franken) Ger. polit.; chancellor of Germany 1920, 1928-1930 _1876-1931 Muller, Hermann Joseph US geneticist; NP Med. 1946 _1890-1967 Muller, Johannes Peter Ger. anatomist & physiologist; founder of modern physiology _1801-1858 Muller, Karl Alex Swi. phys.; co-discovered high-temperature ceramic superconductivity; NP Phys. 1987 _1927-- Muller, [Friedrich] Max Ger. comparative philologist, linguist, orientalist, & translator; discovered kinship of Indian & European languages _1823-1900 Muller, Paul Hermann Swi. chem.; discovered use of DDT as insecticide; NP Med. 1948 _1899-1965 Muller, Wilhelm Ger. lyric poet; father of Max Muller _1794-1827 Muller von Konigswinter, Wolfgang Ger. nov. & poet _1816-1873 Mulliken, Robert Sanderson US chem.; NP Chem. 1966 _1896-1986 Mullin, Willard US sports cartoonist _1902-1978 Mullis, Kary Banks US biochem. & geneticist; invented polymerase chain reaction; NP Chem. 1993 _1944-- Mulock, William, Sir Can. jurist & polit. _1844-1944 Mulroney, [Martin] Brian Can. polit.; prime min. of Canada 1984-1993 _1939-- Muluzi, Bakili Malawian polit.; pres. of Malawi 1994-- _1942?-- Mumford, David Bryant US (Eng.-born) math.; studied geometric invariants & theory of moduli; Fields Medal 1974 _1937-- Mumford, Ethel (nee Watts) US aut. _1878?-1940 Mumford, Lawrence Quincy (L. Quincy Mumford) US librarian; librarian of Congress 1954-1974 _1903-1982 Mumford, Lewis US architect & sociologist _1895-1990 Mun, Adrien Albert Marie, Comte de Fr. polit. & reformer _1841-1914 Munby, Alan Noel Latimer (A. N. L. Munby) Eng. aut. & librarian _1913-1974 Munch, Charles US (Fr.-born) conductor; conducted Boston Symphony Orchestra 1949-1963 _1891-1968 Munch, Edvard Norw. Expressionist painter _1863-1944 Munchhausen, Baron Karl Friedrich Hieronymus von (also Baron von Munchausen) Ger. adventurer, huntsman, raconteur, & soldier _1720-1797 Munday, Anthony Eng. dram. & poet _1560-1633 Mundelein, George William US cardinal 1924; archbishop of Chicago 1915-1939 _1872-1939 Mundella, Anthony John Eng. admin. & reformer _1825-1897 Mundt, Karl Earl US educator & polit. _1900-1974 Mundt, Theodor Ger. critic & nov. _1808-1861 Mundy, Carl Epting Jr. US Marine Corps gen.; commandant of Marine Corps 1991-- _1955-- Muni, Paul (orig. Muni Weisenfreund) US (Aus.-born) actor _1895-1967 Munnich, Burkhard Christoph, Count von Rus. marshal & polit. _1683-1767 Munoz Marin, Luis Puerto Rican polit.; gov. of Puerto Rico 1949-1964; 1st elected gov. 1952; father of modern Puerto Rico _1898-1980 Munro, Hector Hugh (H. H. Munro; pseud. Saki) Brit. (Burman-born) short story aut.; killed in World War I _1870-1916 Munroe, Charles Edward US chem. _1849-1938 Munro-Ferguson, Ronald Craufurd Brit. admin.; gov-gen. of Australia 1914-1920 _1860-1934 Munson, Thurman Lee US baseball player _1947-1979 Munsterberg, Hugo US (Ger.-born) psychologist _1863-1916 Muntaner, Ramon Sp. chronicler, minstrel, & soldier _1265-1336 Munzinger, Werner Swi. admin. & explorer of Africa _1832-1875 Muqri, al-Hajj Muhammad bin 'Abd as-Salam al- Moroccan polit.; grand vizier of Morocco 1907-1908, 1911-1913, 1917-1955 _1854?-1957 Murad I (also Amurath I) sultan of Turkey 1359-1389 _1319-1389 Murad II (also Amurath II) sultan of Turkey 1421-1451 _1403?-1451 Murad III (also Amurath III) sultan of Turkey 1574-1595 _1546-1595 Murad IV (also Amurath IV) sultan of Turkey 1623-1640 _1609-1640 Murad V (also Amurath V) sultan of Turkey 1876 _1840-1904 Murad Bey Egyptian Mameluke chief _17XX-1801 Murasaki, Shikibu, Lady Japanese courtier & nov.; often considered 1st nov. in history; wrote novel "The Tale of Genji" (also "Genji monogatari") _978?-1031? Murat, Joachim (King Franconi) Fr. cavalry officer under Napoleon; brother-in-law of Napoleon 1800 _1767?-1815 Muratori, Lodovico Antonio It. antiquarian & historian _1672-1750 Murayama, Tomiichi Japanese socialist polit.; leader of Socialist Party 1993--; prime min. of Japan 1994-- _1924-- Murchison, Kenneth MacKenzie US architect _1872-1938 Murdoch, [Jean]